How to format your references using the Journal of Gastroenterology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Gastroenterology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Holden C. ACADEMIC COMMUNITY: Institute Goes to Court to Remove Researcher. Science. 2000;290:683b–5b.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Stixrude L, Peacor DR. First-principles study of illite-smectite and implications for clay mineral systems. Nature. 2002;420:165–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Zhang Y, Magan JJ, Blau WJ. A general strategy for hybrid thin film fabrication and transfer onto arbitrary substrates. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4822.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sidorenko A, Krupenkin T, Taylor A, Fratzl P, Aizenberg J. Reversible switching of hydrogel-actuated nanostructures into complex micropatterns. Science. 2007;315:487–90.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lieser KH. Nuclear and Radiochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2007.

An edited book

1. Cordeiro J, Maciaszek LA, Filipe J, editors. Enterprise Information Systems: 14th International Conference, ICEIS 2012, Wroclaw, Poland, June 28 - July 1, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Li H, Zhang C, Li L, Pang M. A Streaming Implementation of Transform and Quantization in H.264. In: Gerndt M, Kranzlmüller D, editors. High Performance Computing and Communications: Second International Conference, HPCC 2006, Munich, Germany, September 13-15, 2006 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 41–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Gastroenterology.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Big-Headed Ants Grow Even Bigger When the Competition is Fierce. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. NASA’s X-33 and X-34 Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Aug. Report No.: GAO-01-1041R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Paulone S. Mergers and Acquisitions: Examining Managerial Strategy Connection to Post Transaction Accounting Measures [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Feeney K. Say Cheese At This Deli And You’ll Get 3 Dozen Types. New York Times. 2008 Nov 30;NJ11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Gastroenterology
Abbreviation	J. Gastroenterol.
ISSN (print)	0944-1174
ISSN (online)	1435-5922
Scope	Gastroenterology

Research and Writing Guides