How to format your references using the Journal of Gastroenterology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Gastroenterology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Check E. Malta provides loophole for breast-cancer screen. Nature. 2002;419:767.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Marsh M, van Meer G. Cell biology. No ESCRTs for exosomes. Science. 2008;319:1191–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mosey NJ, Müser MH, Woo TK. Molecular mechanisms for the functionality of lubricant additives. Science. 2005;307:1612–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Loiseau C, Harrigan RJ, Bichet C, Julliard R, Garnier S, Lendvai AZ, et al. Predictions of avian Plasmodium expansion under climate change. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1126.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Robertson B, Vignaux GA, Berger CEH. Interpreting Evidence. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Kent JA, editor. Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology. 12th ed. 2012. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Johnson ME. Dual Sourcing Strategies. In: Lee HL, Lee C-Y, editors. Building Supply Chain Excellence in Emerging Economies. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007. p. 113–33.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Gastroenterology.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. Do You Really Want To Know What’s Lurking In Your Genome? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/do-you-really-want-to-know-whats-lurking-in-your-genome/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Low-Income and Minority Serving Institutions: Sustained Attention Needed to Improve Education’s Oversight of Grant Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010 May. Report No.: GAO-10-659T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gary JO. Women’s social networking: Steps that organize low-technology users with emergency needs [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Bowley G. You Didn’t Paint This? Prove It. New York Times. 2016 Jul 7;AR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Gastroenterology
Abbreviation	J. Gastroenterol.
ISSN (print)	0944-1174
ISSN (online)	1435-5922
Scope	Gastroenterology

Research and Writing Guides