How to format your references using the Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Wiersma, The smallest random laser, Nature. 406 (2000) 132–133.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Borgani, L. Guzzo, X-ray clusters of galaxies as tracers of structure in the Universe, Nature. 409 (2001) 39–45.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.K. Santra, N. Wajapeyee, M.R. Green, F-box protein FBXO31 mediates cyclin D1 degradation to induce G1 arrest after DNA damage, Nature. 459 (2009) 722–725.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

R. Cordaux, E. Deepa, H. Vishwanathan, M. Stoneking, Genetic evidence for the demic diffusion of agriculture to India, Science. 304 (2004) 1125.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Tschirhart, W. Bielefeld, Managing Nonprofit Organizations, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., San Francisco, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

E. Damiani, B. Fitzgerald, W. Scacchi, M. Scotto, G. Succi, eds., Open Source Systems: IFIP Working Group 2.13 Foundation on Open Source Software, June 8–10, 2006, Como, Italy, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D.A. Rappolee, D.R. Armant, Cell Signaling, in: S. Krawetz (Ed.), Bioinformatics for Systems Biology, Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2009: pp. 89–104.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Self-Healing Concrete Repairs Its Own Cracks, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/self-healing-concrete-repairs-its-own-cracks/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Estimates of Potential Savings by Retiring Two Aircraft Carriers Early, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Panjabi, Real and imagined immigrant identities in the public sphere: Representations of South Asian women in literary and television media, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Greenhouse, Justices Agree to Revisit Child Pornography Laws, New York Times. (2007) A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging
Abbreviation	J. Forens. Radiol. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2212-4780
Scope