How to format your references using the Journal of Food Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Food Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cohen, J., 2014. Breakdown + Breakdown runners-up. Science 346, 1450–1451.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cottrell, E., Kelley, K.A., 2013. Redox heterogeneity in mid-ocean ridge basalts as a function of mantle source. Science 340, 1314–1317.

A journal article with 3 authors

MacDonald, M.P., Spalding, G.C., Dholakia, K., 2003. Microfluidic sorting in an optical lattice. Nature 426, 421–424.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ho, C.J.H., Balasundaram, G., Driessen, W., McLaren, R., Wong, C.L., Dinish, U.S., Attia, A.B.E., Ntziachristos, V., Olivo, M., 2014. Multifunctional photosensitizer-based contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging. Sci. Rep. 4, 5342.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Häussler-Combe, U., 2014. Computational Methods for Reinforced Concrete Structures. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69451 Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Tan, K.-Y. (Ed.), 2013. Colorectal Cancer in the Elderly. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Hossain, M.F., Alsharif, M.R., Yamashita, K., 2010. LMMSE-Based Image Denoising in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform Domain, in: Elmoataz, A., Lezoray, O., Nouboud, F., Mammass, D., Meunier, J. (Eds.), Image and Signal Processing: 4th International Conference, ICISP 2010, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada, June 30-July 2, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 36–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Food Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Clumps Of Alzheimer’s-Associated Molecule Found In Young Adult Brains [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1991. Job Training Partnership Act: Racial and Gender Disparities in Services (No. T-HRD-91-42). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Roberts, E.M., 2006. Whose Books Get Published?: Individual Agency and the Business of Children’s Publishing (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2010. Injuries Gain Attention As Football Feels Pain. New York Times B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cohen, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Cohen, 2014; Cottrell and Kelley, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cottrell and Kelley, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Ho et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Food Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Food Eng.
ISSN (print)	0260-8774
Scope	Food Science