How to format your references using the Journal of Endodontics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Endodontics (JOEN). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bosch X. Vatican approves use of animal transplants “to benefit humans.” Nature 2001;413:445.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smith EC, Lewicki MS. Efficient auditory coding. Nature 2006;439:978–82.

A journal article with 3 authors

Khudiyev T, Tobail O, Bayindir M. Tailoring self-organized nanostructured morphologies in kilometer-long polymer fiber. Sci Rep 2014;4:4864.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kriks S, Shim J-W, Piao J, et al. Dopamine neurons derived from human ES cells efficiently engraft in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Nature 2011;480:547–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stavroudis ON. The Mathematics of Geometrical and Physical Optics. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2006.

An edited book

Finkl CW, Makowski C, eds. Seafloor Mapping along Continental Shelves: Research and Techniques for Visualizing Benthic Environments. vol. 13. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Moran MD, Dastoor A, Morneau G. Long-Range Transport of Air Pollutants and Regional and Global Air Quality Modelling. In: Taylor E, McMillan A, eds. Air Quality Management: Canadian Perspectives on a Global Issue. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 69–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Endodontics.

Blog post

Andrew D. Here’s Why ‘Baby Talk’ Is Good For Your Baby. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/heres-why-baby-talk-is-good-for-your-baby/. Accessed October 30, 2018, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Screening Partnership Program: TSA Has Improved Application Guidance and Monitoring of Screener Performance, and Continues to Improve Cost Comparison Methods. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chamberlin AA. Academic-related factors and emotional eating in adolescents. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowen T. Stuck in Line? Think of What You Stand to Gain. New York Times 2015:BU3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Endodontics
Abbreviation	J. Endod.
ISSN (print)	0099-2399
ISSN (online)	1878-3554
Scope	General Dentistry