How to format your references using the Journal of Endodontics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Endodontics (JOEN). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stehr N. Climate policy: Democracy is not an inconvenience. Nature 2015;525:449–50.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gudmundsson A, Mohajeri N. Entropy and order in urban street networks. Sci Rep 2013;3:3324.

A journal article with 3 authors

Paraje G, Sadana R, Karam G. Public health. Increasing international gaps in health-related publications. Science 2005;308:959–60.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Pitman JL, McGill JJ, Keegan KP, Allada R. A dynamic role for the mushroom bodies in promoting sleep in Drosophila. Nature 2006;441:753–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grous A. Applied Metrology for Manufacturing Engineering. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2011.

An edited book

Binder T, Löwgren J, Malmborg L, eds. (Re)Searching The Digital Bauhaus. London: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Hammad EA. Palestinian University Students’ Problems with EFL Essay Writing in an Instructional Setting. In: Ahmed A, Abouabdelkader H, eds. Teaching EFL Writing in the 21st Century Arab World: Realities and Challenges. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016. p. 99–124.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Endodontics.

Blog post

Carpineti A. ISS Completes Historic 100,000th Orbit Of Earth. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/iss-has-flown-around-earth-more-100000-times/. Accessed October 30, 2018, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Bigeye Bomb: An Evaluation of DOD’s Chemical and Developmental Tests. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brown JT. Evaluation of a social science simulation by uncertainty analysis and comparison. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. A Princeton Senior Is Setting the Bar Higher. New York Times 2002:D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Endodontics
Abbreviation	J. Endod.
ISSN (print)	0099-2399
ISSN (online)	1878-3554
Scope	General Dentistry