How to format your references using the Journal of Endodontics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Endodontics (JOEN). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sheng P. Applied physics. Waves on the horizon. Science 2006;313:1399–400.

A journal article with 2 authors

Harrisingh MC, Nitabach MN. Circadian rhythms. Integrating circadian timekeeping with cellular physiology. Science 2008;320:879–80.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schuck C, Pernice WHP, Tang HX. Waveguide integrated low noise NbTiN nanowire single-photon detectors with milli-Hz dark count rate. Sci Rep 2013;3:1893.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Krusin-Elbaum L, Shibauchi T, Argyle B, Gignac L, Weller D. Stable ultrahigh-density magneto-optical recordings using introduced linear defects. Nature 2001;410:444–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li H-X, Lu X. System Design and Control Integration for Advanced Manufacturing. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Athreya KB. Measure Theory and Probability Theory. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Fatteh N, Mian SI. Overview of Relevant Clinical Disorders and Their Relation to Keratoprosthesis. In: Cortina MS, de la Cruz J, eds. Keratoprostheses and Artificial Corneas: Fundamentals and Surgical Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2015. p. 35–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Endodontics.

Blog post

Andrew E. Check Out This Seal Riding A Whale. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/lucky-seal-rides-whale-get-free-dinner/. Accessed October 30, 2018, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. The Federal Information Processing Standards Program: Many Potential Benefits, Little Progress, and Many Problems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Marchek SP. A quantitative investigation of the Technology Obsolescence Model (TOM) factors that influence the decision to replace obsolete systems. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, Minneapolis, MN, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Silver-Greenberg J, Protess B, Corkery M. Deal With Saudis Underlines Benefits of Backing President. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Endodontics
Abbreviation	J. Endod.
ISSN (print)	0099-2399
ISSN (online)	1878-3554
Scope	General Dentistry