How to format your references using the Citizenship Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Citizenship Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scudellari, Megan. 2014. “Drug Development: Try and Try Again.” Nature 516 (7529): S4-6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huybers, Peter, and Carl Wunsch. 2005. “Obliquity Pacing of the Late Pleistocene Glacial Terminations.” Nature 434 (7032): 491–494.

A journal article with 3 authors

Causier, Barry, Martin Kieffer, and Brendan Davies. 2002. “Plant Biology. MADS-Box Genes Reach Maturity.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 296 (5566): 275–276.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Clark, E. A., T. R. Golub, E. S. Lander, and R. O. Hynes. 2000. “Genomic Analysis of Metastasis Reveals an Essential Role for RhoC.” Nature 406 (6795): 532–535.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kirsh, Steven J. 2009. Media and Youth. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Ting, I-Hsien, and Hui-Ju Wu, eds. 2009. Web Mining Applications in E-Commerce and E-Services. Vol. 172. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Cervantes, Leticia, and Oscar Castillo. 2013. “Genetic Optimization of Membership Functions in Modular Fuzzy Controllers for Complex Problems.” In Recent Advances on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, edited by Oscar Castillo, Patricia Melin, and Janusz Kacprzyk, 51–62. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Citizenship Studies.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2016. “Conflicting Findings On The Survival Of The Greenland Ice Sheet.” IFLScience, IFLScience, December 7. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/conflicting-findings-on-the-survival-of-the-greenland-ice-sheet/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. Federal Research Grants: Maintaining Public Accountability Without Inhibiting Creative Research. 094378. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bearden, Allison. 2017. “Exploring the Congruency between Mission and Practice in a Pre-K-12, Midwestern, Christian School.” Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess, Ben. 2017. “Corzine and Regulators Settle in MF Global Case.” New York Times, January 5, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Scudellari 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Scudellari 2014; Huybers and Wunsch 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Huybers and Wunsch 2005)
Three authors: (Causier, Kieffer, and Davies 2002)
4 or more authors: (Clark et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Citizenship Studies
Abbreviation	Citizensh. Stud.
ISSN (print)	1362-1025
ISSN (online)	1469-3593
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Political Science and International Relations