How to format your references using the Journal of Educational Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Educational Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grott, M. (2008). Planetary science. Is Mars geodynamically dead? Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5880), 1171–1172.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brinker, C. J., & Clem, P. G. (2013). Materials science. Quartz on silicon. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340(6134), 818–819.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tayagaki, T., Hoshi, Y., & Usami, N. (2013). Investigation of the open-circuit voltage in solar cells doped with quantum dots. Scientific reports, 3, 2703.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wang, D., Garcia-Bassets, I., Benner, C., Li, W., Su, X., Zhou, Y., et al. (2011). Reprogramming transcription by distinct classes of enhancers functionally defined by eRNA. Nature, 474(7351), 390–394.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Allman, K., & Nogales, X. E. D. (2015). Impact Investment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Pollack, R., Pach, J., & Goodman, J. E. (Eds.). (2009). Twentieth Anniversary Volume: Discrete & Computational Geometry. New York, NY: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Gurvits, L. (2010). On multivariate Newton-like inequalities. In I. S. Kotsireas & E. V. Zima (Eds.), Advances in Combinatorial Mathematics: Proceedings of the Waterloo Workshop in Computer Algebra 2008 (pp. 61–78). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Educational Change.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, August 30). The Core Of The Milky Way Erupted 6 Million Years Ago. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-core-of-the-milky-way-erupted-6-million-years-ago/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1984). OMB Needs To More Fully Consider Government-Wide Implications in Its Telecommunications Initiatives (No. IMTEC-84-21). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cubarrubia, A. P. (2009). Exploring the influence of external standards of institutional effectiveness on program assessment in student affairs (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson, M. (2017, June 8). Tight Tony Battles and Sure Bets. New York Times, p. C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grott 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Brinker and Clem 2013; Grott 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brinker and Clem 2013)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Educational Change
Abbreviation	J. Educ. Chang.
ISSN (print)	1389-2843
ISSN (online)	1573-1812
Scope	Education