How to format your references using the Journal of Educational Change citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Educational Change. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. (2003). Visions of Europe’s future. Nature, 421(6922), 557.

A journal article with 2 authors

Arnold, D. H., & Johnston, A. (2003). Motion-induced spatial conflict. Nature, 425(6954), 181–184.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hunt, G. R., Corballis, M. C., & Gray, R. D. (2001). Animal behaviour: Laterality in tool manufacture by crows. Nature, 414(6865), 707.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Su, Z., Li, L., Peng, H., Kurths, J., Xiao, J., & Yang, Y. (2014). Robustness of interrelated traffic networks to cascading failures. Scientific reports, 4, 5413.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Berthou, P., Baudoin, C., Gayraud, T., & Gineste, M. (2015). Satellite and Terrestrial Hybrid Networks. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Heidelbaugh, J. J. (Ed.). (2016). Men’s Health in Primary Care (1st ed. 2016.). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Slutkin, G., Ransford, C., & Decker, R. B. (2015). Cure Violence: Treating Violence As a Contagious Disease. In M. D. Maltz & S. K. Rice (Eds.), Envisioning Criminology: Researchers on Research as a Process of Discovery (pp. 43–56). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Educational Change.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, January 7). An X-Ray Outburst By Our Own Black Hole Shatters Existing Records. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Assessment of the Explanation That Immigration and Customs Enforcement Provided for Its Subsequent Transfer from the Spectrum Relocation Fund (No. GAO-08-846R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lamb, B. K. (2015). A Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions at a Roundabout and a Signalized Intersection in a Mid-Sized City (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Corkery, M., & Walsh, M. W. (2015, June 29). In Puerto Rico, Debt Is Called ‘Not Payable.’ New York Times, p. A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Arnold and Johnston 2003; Smaglik 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Arnold and Johnston 2003)
Three or more authors: (Su et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Educational Change
Abbreviation	J. Educ. Chang.
ISSN (print)	1389-2843
ISSN (online)	1573-1812
Scope	Education