How to format your references using the Journal of Development Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Development Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cumming, B. G. (2002). An unexpected specialization for horizontal disparity in primate primary visual cortex. Nature, 418(6898), 633–636.

A journal article with 2 authors

Molino, J. F., & Sabatier, D. (2001). Tree diversity in tropical rain forests: a validation of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Science (New York, N.Y.), 294(5547), 1702–1704.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bayley, P. J., Frascino, J. C., & Squire, L. R. (2005). Robust habit learning in the absence of awareness and independent of the medial temporal lobe. Nature, 436(7050), 550–553.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

El-Halawany, A. M., El Dine, R. S., El Sayed, N. S., & Hattori, M. (2014). Protective effect of Aframomum melegueta phenolics against CCl₄-induced rat hepatocytes damage; role of apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibition. Scientific Reports, 4, 5880.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Srivastava, S. P. (2014). Developments in Lubricant Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Reed, B. M. (Ed.). (2008). Plant Cryopreservation: A Practical Guide. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Stoilov, T., & Stoilova, K. (2012). Portfolio Risk Management Modelling by Bi-level Optimization. In J. Lu, L. C. Jain, & G. Zhang (Eds.), Handbook on Decision Making: Vol 2: Risk Management in Decision Making (pp. 91–110). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Development Studies.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2017, January 30). Critically Endangered “Fairy Possum” Is Stuck In A Catch-22 Situation. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/critically-endangered-fairy-possum-is-stuck-in-a-catch22-situation/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2009). Federal-Aid Highways: FHWA Has Improved Its Risk Management Approach, but Needs to Improve Its Oversight of Project Costs (GAO-09-751). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzales, M. (2017). Examining institutional career preparation: Student perceptions of their workplace readiness and the role of the university in student career development [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B. (2017, October 3). The Killers’ 5th Album Tops Billboard Chart. New York Times, C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cumming, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Cumming, 2002; Molino & Sabatier, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Molino & Sabatier, 2001)
Three authors: (Bayley et al., 2005)
6 or more authors: (El-Halawany et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Development Studies
Abbreviation	J. Dev. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0022-0388
ISSN (online)	1743-9140
Scope	Development