How to format your references using the Journal of Development Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Development Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ellman, J.A., 2007. Chemistry. The direct approach. Science 316, 1131–1132.

A journal article with 2 authors

McKee, C.F., Tan, J.C., 2002. Massive star formation in 100,000 years from turbulent and pressurized molecular clouds. Nature 416, 59–61.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ando, R., Mizuno, H., Miyawaki, A., 2004. Regulated fast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling observed by reversible protein highlighting. Science 306, 1370–1373.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Smith, G.F., Steenkamp, Y., Klopper, R.R., Siebert, S.J., Arnold, T.H., 2003. The price of collecting life. Nature 422, 375–376.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nappi, E., Peskov, V., 2013. Imaging Gaseous Detectors and Their Applications. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Henein, M.Y., 2006. Ecocardiografia clinica. Springer, Milano.

A chapter in an edited book

Bauer, F.L., 2011. Use of Continued Fractions and Algorithms Related to Them, in: Ghizzetti, A. (Ed.), Alcune Questioni Di Analisi Numerica. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 352–419.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Development Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Scientists Trace The Origins Of The Last Two HIV-1 Groups [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1987. Department of Transportation: Enhancing Policy and Program Effectiveness Through Improved Management (No. RCED-87-3S). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramos, C.M., 2017. Is this working? A study on measuring the effectiveness of efforts to diversify the theatre management field (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

GEORGE GENE GUSTINES; Compiled by RACHEL LEE HARRIS, 2010. Pilgrim, The Final Volume. New York Times C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ellman, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Ellman, 2007; McKee and Tan, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McKee and Tan, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Development Economics
Abbreviation	J. Dev. Econ.
ISSN (print)	0304-3878
Scope	Economics and Econometrics Development