How to format your references using the Journal of Dentistry: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Dentistry: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

B. Polster, Mathematics: What is the best way to lace your shoes?, Nature 420 (2002) 476.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Y. Li, Q. Sun, The superior catalytic CO oxidation capacity of a Cr-phthalocyanine porous sheet, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4098.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Chen, L. Wei, Y. Liu, Motor preparation attenuates neural variability and beta-band LFP in parietal cortex, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6809.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P.V. Sundareshwar, J.T. Morris, E.K. Koepfler, B. Fornwalt, Phosphorus limitation of coastal ecosystem processes, Science 299 (2003) 563–565.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

C. Russell, Trustee Investment Strategy for Endowments and Foundations, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

A.K. Sarma, V.P. Singh, S.A. Kartha, R.K. Bhattacharjya, eds., Urban Hydrology, Watershed Management and Socio-Economic Aspects, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M.D. Alam, U.F. Gühl, Templates, in: U.F. Gühl (Ed.), Project-Management in Practice: A Guideline and Toolbox for Successful Projects, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016: pp. 127–152.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Dentistry: X.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, New Rules Say Unvaccinated Australian Kids Can’t Attend Kindergarten, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Strategic Sourcing: Opportunities Exist to Better Manage Information Technology Services Spending, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D.B. Miller, Nurse educators’ leadership styles and nurse graduates’ licensure passage rates, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.W. Walsh, The Illusion of Savings, New York Times (2010) B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Dentistry: X
ISSN (print)	2589-7004
Scope