How to format your references using the Journal of Critical Care citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Critical Care. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Stroud CR Jr. Physics. Pas de deux for atomic electrons. Science 2004;303:778–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Read AF, Thomas MB. Microbiology. Mosquitoes cut short. Science 2009;323:51–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Royo-Torres R, Cobos A, Alcalá L. A giant European dinosaur and a new sauropod clade. Science 2006;314:1925–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Lin W, Wang Y, Gorby Y, Nealson K, Pan Y. Integrating niche-based process and spatial process in biogeography of magnetotactic bacteria. Sci Rep 2013;3:1643.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Santamarina JC, Fratta D. Discrete Signals and Inverse Problems. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Izmailov AF. Newton-Type Methods for Optimization and Variational Problems. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Flesca S, Furfaro F, Parisi F. Consistent Answers to Aggregate Queries. In: Furfaro F, Parisi F, editors. Repairing and Querying Databases under Aggregate Constraints, New York, NY: Springer; 2011, p. 47–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Critical Care.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Ancient Whale Had a Killer Bone-Breaking Bite. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-whale-had-killer-bone-breaking-bite/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Coast Guard’s Marine Safety Program Staffing. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Zhuang S. Enhancing Implicit Finite Element Sheet Forming Simulation. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Marx L. Working Around the Clock, but Finding Time for Love. New York Times 2017:ST13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Critical Care
Abbreviation	J. Crit. Care
ISSN (print)	0883-9441
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

Research and Writing Guides