How to format your references using the Journal of Correctional Healthcare citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Correctional Healthcare (JCHC). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kargel JS. Enceladus: cosmic gymnast, volatile miniworld. Science 2006;311(5766):1389–1391.

A journal article with 2 authors

Farina SC, Summers AP. Biomechanics: Boxed up and ready to go. Nature 2015;517(7534):274–275.

A journal article with 3 authors

Orlove BS, Chiang JC, Cane MA. Forecasting Andean rainfall and crop yield from the influence of El Nino on Pleiades visibility. Nature 2000;403(6765):68–71.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu D, Zhang Y, Wen J, et al. Diffraction interference induced superfocusing in nonlinear Talbot effect. Sci Rep 2014;4:6134.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wiebe VJ. Drug Therapy for Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, NJ; 2015.

An edited book

Mathis K, (ed). Efficiency, Sustainability, and Justice to Future Generations. Law and Philosophy Library. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Evans K. Tacit Skills and Occupational Mobility in a Global Culture. In: International Handbook on Globalisation, Education and Policy Research: Global Pedagogies and Policies. (Zajda J, Freeman K, Geo-Jaja M, et al. eds) Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht; 2005; pp. 65–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Correctional Healthcare.

Blog post

Taub B. Scientist Who Throws Cane Toad Sausages Out Of Helicopters Wins Top Award. IFLScience; 2016. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientist-who-throws-cane-toad-sausages-from-helicopters-wins-top-award/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Trust Fund: Overview of Highway Trust Fund Financing. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Racho MO. Attributes of Asian American Senior Leaders Who Have Retained Their Cultural Identity and Been Successful in American Corporations. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University: Malibu, CA; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Justices, Voting 5-4, Limit the Use of Race In Integration Plans. New York Times 2007;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Correctional Healthcare
ISSN (print)	1078-3458
ISSN (online)	1940-5200
Scope