How to format your references using the Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Power, P.P.: Main-group elements as transition metals. Nature. 463, 171–177 (2010)

A journal article with 2 authors

Whalan, S., Webster, N.S.: Sponge larval settlement cues: the role of microbial biofilms in a warming ocean. Sci. Rep. 4, 4072 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Schmidt, A.R., Dörfelt, H., Perrichot, V.: Carnivorous fungi from Cretaceous amber. Science. 318, 1743 (2007)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Freeman, R., Block, F., Greenberg, D., Levi, M., Segal, A.M., Crow, M., Teitelbaum, M.S.: Is the stimulus working for you? Nature. 461, 876–878 (2009)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schwedt, G.: Experimente rund um die Kunststoffe des Alltags. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany (2013)

An edited book

Scholich, D. ed: Territorial Cohesion. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007)

A chapter in an edited book

Zalensky, A., Mudrak, O., Zalenskaya, I.: Chromosome Positioning in Spermatozoa. In: Zini, A. and Agarwal, A. (eds.) Sperm Chromatin: Biological and Clinical Applications in Male Infertility and Assisted Reproduction. pp. 69–80. Springer, New York, NY (2011)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques.

Blog post

Hamilton, K.: Gigantic Extinct Worm With Impressively Large Jaws Discovered In Canada

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Space Acquisitions: Government and Industry Partners Face Substantial Challenges in Developing New DOD Space Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2009)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Momcheva, I.G.: Environments of strong gravitational lenses, (2009)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Friedland, S.: THE RUSSIAN STUDENT QUESTION AS SEEN BY A RUSSIAN WOMAN, (1902)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques
ISSN (print)	2274-2042
ISSN (online)	2263-8733
Scope	Computer Science (miscellaneous) Computational Theory and Mathematics Hardware and Architecture Software