How to format your references using the Journal of Communications and Networks citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Communications and Networks. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. M. Wilson, “Medicine. A history lesson for stem cells,” Science, vol. 324, no. 5928, pp. 727–728, May 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

S. Borgani and L. Guzzo, “X-ray clusters of galaxies as tracers of structure in the Universe,” Nature, vol. 409, no. 6816, pp. 39–45, Jan. 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Allen, S. Raper, and J. Mitchell, “Climate change. Uncertainty in the IPCC’s Third Assessment Report,” Science, vol. 293, no. 5529, pp. 430–433, Jul. 2001.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

T. Urich, C. M. Gomes, A. Kletzin, and C. Frazão, “X-ray Structure of a self-compartmentalizing sulfur cycle metalloenzyme,” Science, vol. 311, no. 5763, pp. 996–1000, Feb. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. V. Hoffman, Organic Chemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004.

An edited book

[1]

P. De Voogt, Ed., Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 208: Perfluorinated alkylated substances, 1st ed., vol. 208. in Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Continuation of Residue Reviews, vol. 208. New York, NY: Springer, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

F. Klügl and L. Karlsson, “Towards Pattern-Oriented Design of Agent-Based Simulation Models,” in Multiagent System Technologies: 7th German Conference, MATES 2009, Hamburg, Germany, September 9-11, 2009. Proceedings, L. Braubach, W. van der Hoek, P. Petta, and A. Pokahr, Eds., in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 41–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Communications and Networks.

Blog post

[1]

T. Hale, “Bizarre Footage Of Parachuting Beavers Emerges Online,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bizarre-footage-parachuting-beavers-emerges-online/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Competitiveness of Federal Computer Procurements,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, T-IMTEC-90-12, Sep. 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T. Chandwasker, “Comparison of ad-hoc on demand distance vector and enhanced-ad-hoc on demand distance vector on vehicular ad-hoc networks,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

SOPHIA PECK ROSS.RICHARD F. BLOUGH.HUGH ARCHBALD.ALEXANDER ROYDEN.RAPHAEL.SPENCER B. WITTY.CARL R. KLEIN, L. B. Tilis, and JOSEPH A. CELESTE.JONATHAN ESTOFF.GEORGES SCHREIBER.THOMAS J. BARNUM.ALLAN C. INMAN, “Letters; NOT CITY GUIDES TO THE PEOPLE GOP TROUBLE GRACE AND CHARM HOWL WITTY, TOO A BAS ‘ERPIVORI’ OLD HAT FOREIGN SERVICE HERITAGE,” New York Times, p. The New York Times Magazine151, Jan. 22, 1950.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Communications and Networks
Abbreviation	J. Commun. Netw.
ISSN (print)	1229-2370
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Information Systems