How to format your references using the Journal of Cold Regions Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cold Regions Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Arner, P. 2011. “Medicine. Lipases in cachexia.” Science, 333 (6039): 163–164.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shirts, M., and V. S. Pande. 2000. “COMPUTING: Screen Savers of the World Unite!” Science, 290 (5498): 1903–1904.

A journal article with 3 authors

Savukov, I. M., S.-K. Lee, and M. V. Romalis. 2006. “Optical detection of liquid-state NMR.” Nature, 442 (7106): 1021–1024.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mahajan, D., B. K. Boh, Y. Zhou, L. Chen, T. C. Cornvik, W. Hong, and L. Lu. 2013. “Mammalian Mon2/Ysl2 regulates endosome-to-Golgi trafficking but possesses no guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward Arl1 GTPase.” Sci. Rep., 3: 3362.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mackenzie, B., T. Njikizana, D. Coetsee, R. Chamboko, B. Colyvas, B. Hanekom, and E. Selbst. 2014. 2014 Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Fels, E., J.-F. Kremer, and K. Kronenberg (Eds.). 2012. Power in the 21st Century: International Security and International Political Economy in a Changing World. Global Power Shift, Comparative Analysis and Perspectives. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kao, Y., and M. Chen. 2013. “Solving the CVRP Problem Using a Hybrid PSO Approach.” Computational Intelligence: Revised and Selected Papers of the International Joint Conference, IJCCI 2011, Paris, France, October 24-26, 2011, Studies in Computational Intelligence, K. Madani, A. Dourado, A. Rosa, and J. Filipe, eds., 59–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cold Regions Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, D. 2016. “Elon Musk Says We’re Probably Living In A Computer Simulation – Here’s The Science.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/elon-musk-says-were-probably-living-in-a-computer-simulation-heres-the-science/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. A Methodology for Reviewing Computer Software. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mednick Takami, L. 2017. “Chief Diversity Officers in U.S. Higher Education: Impacting the Campus Climate for Diversity.” Doctoral dissertation. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, J. 2017. “The Call of the Wild.” New York Times, October 13, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Arner 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Arner 2011; Shirts and Pande 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shirts and Pande 2000)
Three or more authors: (Mahajan et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cold Regions Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Cold Reg. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0887-381X
ISSN (online)	1943-5495
Scope	Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering