How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology (JCR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marx V. High-security labs: Life in the danger zone. Nature. 2014;505:437-441.

A journal article with 2 authors

Santos ME, Salzburger W. Evolution. How cichlids diversify. Science. 2012;338:619-621.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zimov SA, Schuur EAG, Chapin FS 3rd. Climate change. Permafrost and the global carbon budget. Science. 2006;312:1612-1613.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang J, Chen L, Li L, et al. Preliminary identification of palaeofloods with the alkane ratio C31/C17 and their potential link to global climate changes. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6502.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Takezawa K. Guidebook to R Graphics Using Microsoft® Windows. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Petters AO. An Introduction to Mathematical Finance with Applications: Understanding and Building Financial Intuition. (Dong X, ed.). New York, NY: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

van Bevern R, Bredereck R, Chopin M, et al. Parameterized Complexity of DAG Partitioning. In: Spirakis PG, Serna M, eds. Algorithms and Complexity: 8th International Conference, CIAC 2013, Barcelona, Spain, May 22-24, 2013. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013:49-60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. New Theory Of Gravity Tries To Explain Dark Matter. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-theory-of-gravity-tries-to-explain-dark-matter/. Published November 9, 2016 Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Tax Policy: Historical Tax Treatment of INTELSAT and Current Tax Rules for Satellite Corporations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crowley CJ. A critical analysis of the CELF-4: The responsible clinician’s guide to the CELF-4. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly O. The Nation; What the Rosenberg Papers Show The Surprise Final Witness. New York Times. December 14, 1975:The Week In ReviewE4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Rheumatol.
ISSN (print)	1076-1608
ISSN (online)	1536-7355
Scope	Rheumatology