How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology (JCR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Atwood G. Engineering. Phase-change materials for electronic memories. Science. 2008;321:210-211.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vaia R, Baur J. Materials science. Adaptive composites. Science. 2008;319:420-421.

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu F, Bakht S, Dean C. Cotranscriptional role for Arabidopsis DICER-LIKE 4 in transcription termination. Science. 2012;335:1621-1623.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Venteicher AS, Abreu EB, Meng Z, et al. A human telomerase holoenzyme protein required for Cajal body localization and telomere synthesis. Science. 2009;323:644-648.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Janke SJ, Tinsley FC. Introduction to Linear Models and Statistical Inference. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Bove A, Del Santo D, Murthy MKV, eds. Advances in Phase Space Analysis of Partial Differential Equations: In Honor of Ferruccio Colombini’s 60th Birthday. Vol 78. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Li K, Xiong L. Community Detection Based on an Improved Genetic Algorithm. In: Li K, Li J, Liu Y, Castiglione A, eds. Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Systems: 7th International Symposium, ISICA 2015, Guangzhou, China, November 21-22, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Singapore: Springer; 2016:32-39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Bronx Zoo Has Two New Gorillas! IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bronx-zoo-has-two-new-gorillas/. Published April 25, 2014 Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Nanomanufacturing and U.S. Competitiveness: Challenges and Opportunities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hufnagel D. Search for the Cabibbo-Supressed D+ Meson Decays D+ → π+π 0 and D+ → K+ π0. 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barry E, Kishkovsky S. For Tolstoy and Russia, Still No Happy Ending. New York Times. January 4, 2011:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Rheumatol.
ISSN (print)	1076-1608
ISSN (online)	1536-7355
Scope	Rheumatology