How to format your references using the Journal of Climate citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Climate. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turner, M., 2015: Ecology: Mangrove maintenance. Nature, 526, 515.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shank, S. S., and D. Margoliash, 2009: Sleep and sensorimotor integration during early vocal learning in a songbird. Nature, 458, 73–77.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schmitz, D., J. Mellor, and R. A. Nicoll, 2001: Presynaptic kainate receptor mediation of frequency facilitation at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Science, 291, 1972–1976.

A journal article with 9 or more authors

Kemper, C., A. C. Chan, J. M. Green, K. A. Brett, K. M. Murphy, and J. P. Atkinson, 2003: Activation of human CD4+ cells with CD3 and CD46 induces a T-regulatory cell 1 phenotype. Nature, 421, 388–392.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davino, C., M. Furno, and D. Vistocco, 2014: Quantile Regression: Theory and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.

An edited book

Silva, G. J., 2005: PID Controllers for Time-Delay Systems. A. Datta and S.P. Bhattachaiyya, Eds. Birkhäuser, XIV, 330 p pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Bijak, J., and M. Kupiszewski, 2013: International Migration Trends in Europe Prior to 2002. International Migration and the Future of Populations and Labour in Europe, M. Kupiszewski, Ed., The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis, Springer Netherlands, 57–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Climate.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2017: British Astronaut Tim Peake Is Going Back To Space. IFLScience,. https://www.iflscience.com/space/british-astronaut-tim-peake-is-going-back-to-space/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2011: Freight Railroad Safety: Results of Rail Industry Survey about Hours of Service Issues (GAO-11-894SP, September 2011), an E-supplement to GAO-11-853. U.S. Government Printing Office,.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Loden, M. R., 2010: The rhetorical elephant in the room: How three political action committees are strategically [re]defining the U.S. Republican Party. California State University, Long Beach, .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L., 2005: Advice to New Chief From the Lesser of Two Equals: Call Me Nino. New York Times, November 9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Turner 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Turner 2015; Shank and Margoliash 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shank and Margoliash 2009)
Three or more authors: (Kemper et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Climate
Abbreviation	J. Clim.
ISSN (print)	0894-8755
ISSN (online)	1520-0442
Scope	Atmospheric Science