How to format your references using the Journal of Chiropractic Humanities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Chiropractic Humanities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Elderfield H. A world in transition. Nature. 2000;407(6806):851-852.

A journal article with 2 authors

Iwasaki A, Medzhitov R. Regulation of adaptive immunity by the innate immune system. Science. 2010;327(5963):291-295.

A journal article with 3 authors

Horne-Badovinac S, Rebagliati M, Stainier DYR. A cellular framework for gut-looping morphogenesis in zebrafish. Science. 2003;302(5645):662-665.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lendvai B, Stern EA, Chen B, Svoboda K. Experience-dependent plasticity of dendritic spines in the developing rat barrel cortex in vivo. Nature. 2000;404(6780):876-881.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Merritt C. Process Steam Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

Moraglio A, Silva S, Krawiec K, Machado P, Cotta C, eds. Genetic Programming: 15th European Conference, EuroGP 2012, Málaga, Spain, April 11-13, 2012. Proceedings. Vol 7244. Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Gan LS, Lee FW, Nagaraja N, et al. Case History — Use of ADME Studies for Optimization of Drug Candidates. In: Borchardt RT, Kerns EH, Hageman MJ, Thakker DR, Stevens JL, eds. Optimizing the “Drug-Like” Properties of Leads in Drug Discovery. Biotechnology: Pharmaceutical Aspects. Springer; 2006:81-97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Chiropractic Humanities.

Blog post

Hale T. Watch What Happens If You Fill A Balloon With Liquid Nitrogen. IFLScience. Published May 23, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/watch-what-happens-if-you-fill-balloon-liquid-nitrogen/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Trust Fund: DOT Has Opportunities to Improve Tracking and Reporting of Highway Spending. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Peterson GG. Long-Term Effects of Care Management on Mortality, Hospitalizations, and Medicare Costs Among Chronically-Ill Medicare Beneficiaries. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. When Goodell Learned That Life Is No Game. New York Times. May 23, 2010:SP5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Chiropractic Humanities
Abbreviation	J. Chiropr. Humanit.
ISSN (print)	1556-3499
Scope	Complementary and alternative medicine Chiropractics

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