How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Survivorship citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Survivorship. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Pennisi E. Biomaterials. Crystalline eyes of chitons inspire materials scientists. Science. 2015;350:899.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Tumer EC, Brainard MS. Performance variability enables adaptive plasticity of “crystallized” adult birdsong. Nature. 2007;450:1240–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Blair AC, Fisher ER, Rickey D. IBI* series winner. Discovering nanoscience. Science. 2012;337:1056–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Strom RG, Chapman CR, Merline WJ, Solomon SC, Head JW 3rd. Mercury cratering record viewed from MESSENGER’s first flyby. Science. 2008;321:79–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Tatham M, Morton K. Developments in Speech Synthesis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Wong Kee Song LM, Gorospe EC, Baron TH, editors. GI Endoscopic Emergencies. 1st ed. 2016. New York, NY: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Greenwood D, Sommerville I. Expectations and Reality: Why an Enterprise Software System Did Not Work as Planned. In: Pooley R, Coady J, Schneider C, Linger H, Barry C, Lang M, editors. Information Systems Development: Reflections, Challenges and New Directions. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 51–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Survivorship.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. 14 Scientific Tricks to Beat Stress, Anxiety, And Fear [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/14-scientific-tricks-to-beat-stress-anxiety-and-fear/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Report to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare on Fundamental Improvements Needed for Timely Promulgation of Health Program Regulations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977 May. Report No.: HRD-77-58.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hylton JK. Scatter; Or, A Series or Minor Inconveniences [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Branch J. A Gladiator’s Guidance. New York Times. 2016 Aug 14;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Survivorship
Abbreviation	J. Cancer Surviv.
ISSN (print)	1932-2259
ISSN (online)	1932-2267
Scope	Oncology Oncology(nursing)