How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wine JJ (2014) Medicine. Letting go of mucus. Science 345:730–731

A journal article with 2 authors

Brüning O, Collier P (2007) Building a behemoth. Nature 448:285–289

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaminski J, Call J, Fischer J (2004) Word learning in a domestic dog: evidence for “fast mapping.” Science 304:1682–1683

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Cui H, Su J, Wei J, et al (2014) Elevated O₃ enhances the attraction of whitefly-infested tomato plants to Encarsia formosa. Sci Rep 4:5350

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hu JC (2011) Asset Securitization. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2 Clementi Loop, #02-01, Singapore 129809

An edited book

Petković M (2008) Point Estimation of Root Finding Methods. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Pollet BG, Staffell I, Adamson K-A (2016) Energy Generation and Usage in South Africa. In: Staffell I, Adamson K-A (eds) The Energy Landscape in the Republic of South Africa. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 17–19

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Education.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2016) If Two Countries Waged Cyber War On Each Another, Here’s What To Expect. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/if-two-countries-waged-cyber-war-on-each-another-heres-what-to-expect/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) NASA: Large Programs May Consume Increasing Share of Limited Future Budgets. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liyakath RA (2012) Reconfigurable Antenna and RF Circuits Using Multi-Layer Stretchable Conductors. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson G (2016) Recognizing the Artifice in Artificial Intelligence. New York Times D5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Education
Abbreviation	J. Cancer Educ.
ISSN (print)	0885-8195
ISSN (online)	1543-0154
Scope	Oncology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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