How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lu K (2010) Materials science. The future of metals. Science 328:319–320

A journal article with 2 authors

Ding B, Seeman NC (2006) Operation of a DNA robot arm inserted into a 2D DNA crystalline substrate. Science 314:1583–1585

A journal article with 3 authors

Peltier WR, Liu Y, Crowley JW (2007) Snowball Earth prevention by dissolved organic carbon remineralization. Nature 450:813–818

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fu W, Du F-H, Su J, et al (2014) In situ catalytic growth of large-area multilayered graphene/MoS2 heterostructures. Sci Rep 4:4673

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Imrie R, Street E (2011) Architectural Design and Regulation. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK

An edited book

Adams C (2007) Web Standards Creativity: Innovations in Web Design with XHTML, CSS, and DOM Scripting. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Christakopoulou E, Karypis G (2014) HOSLIM: Higher-Order Sparse LInear Method for Top-N Recommender Systems. In: Tseng VS, Ho TB, Zhou Z-H, et al (eds) Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: 18th Pacific-Asia Conference, PAKDD 2014, Tainan, Taiwan, May 13-16, 2014. Proceedings, Part II. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 38–49

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Education.

Blog post

Evans K (2016) B12 Deficiency In Mothers Raises Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes In Children. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/b12-deficiency-in-mothers-raises-risk-type-2-diabetes-in-children/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Financial Restatement Database. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yasami S (2015) Ultra-Low Power RFIC for Space/Medical/Mobile Applications. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly Beatty J, Special to The New (1985) EARLY DATA ARRIVE FROM PROBE ON VENUS. New York Times C8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Education
Abbreviation	J. Cancer Educ.
ISSN (print)	0885-8195
ISSN (online)	1543-0154
Scope	Oncology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health