How to format your references using the Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

van den Heuvel EPJ (2004) Astronomy. Double pulsar jackpot. Science 303:1143–1144

A journal article with 2 authors

Janssen M, Renn J (2015) History: Einstein was no lone genius. Nature 527:298–300

A journal article with 3 authors

Cronberg N, Natcheva R, Hedlund K (2006) Microarthropods mediate sperm transfer in mosses. Science 313:1255

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Wang K, Xiao J, Peng B, et al (2014) Retinal structure and function preservation by polysaccharides of wolfberry in a mouse model of retinal degeneration. Sci Rep 4:7601

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sagolla D (2009) 140 Characters. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Seck D (2016) Accelerated Economic Growth in West Africa. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Brejová B, Gafurov A, Pardubská D, et al (2016) Isometric Gene Tree Reconciliation Revisited. In: Frith M, Storm Pedersen CN (eds) Algorithms in Bioinformatics: 16th International Workshop, WABI 2016, Aarhus, Denmark, August 22-24, 2016. Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 40–51

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2016) Dr Henry Heimlich, Inventor Of The Heimlich Maneuver, Dies At 96. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dr-henry-heimlich-dies-at-96/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) NASA: Agency Faces Challenges Defining Scope and Costs of Space Shuttle Transition and Retirement. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Torres N (2012) Do family nurse practitioner students understand the physiological changes associated with andropause in men over forty? Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel B (2016) A Rare Vacancy, With Even Unlikelier Candidates. New York Times SP4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Abbreviation	J. Bone Miner. Metab.
ISSN (print)	0914-8779
ISSN (online)	1435-5604
Scope	Endocrinology General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Orthopedics and Sports Medicine