How to format your references using the Journal of Bioscience and Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Bioscience and Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Dagotto E. PHYSICS. When oxides meet face to face. Science. 2007;318:1076–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Dillin A, Kelly JW. Medicine. The yin-yang of sirtuins. Science. 2007;317:461–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Bredesen DE, Rao RV, Mehlen P. Cell death in the nervous system. Nature. 2006;443:796–802.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. An S, Kumar R, Sheets ED, Benkovic SJ. Reversible compartmentalization of de novo purine biosynthetic complexes in living cells. Science. 2008;320:103–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pascoe N. Reliability Technology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2011.

An edited book

1. Miculan M, Scagnetto I, Honsell F, editors. Types for Proofs and Programs: International Conference, TYPES 2007, Cividale des Friuli, Italy, May 2-5, 2007 Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bansaye V, Méléard S. Feller Diffusion with Random Catastrophes. In: Bansaye V, editor. Stochastic Models for Structured Populations: Scaling Limits and Long Time Behavior. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 39–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Bioscience and Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. What’s Next For Tobacco Control? A Smoke-Free Generation. IFLScience. 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-s-next-tobacco-control-smoke-free-generation/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. NASA: Issues Surrounding the Transition from the Space Shuttle to the Next Generation of Human Space Flight Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Eskridge RD. Municipal government: Does institutional structural reform make a difference in local government? Doctoral dissertation. Mississippi State University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Barron J. Flash Photography Allowed (When It’s Your Tour Guide). New York Times. 2017;:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Bioscience and Medicine
ISSN (print)	2161-2625
Scope