How to format your references using the Journal of Avian Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Avian Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zimmerman, E. 2004. Recruiters and academia. – Nature 431: 1022.

A journal article with 2 authors

Drake, J. J. and Testa, P. 2005. The “solar model problem” solved by the abundance of neon in nearby stars. – Nature 436: 525–528.

A journal article with 3 authors

Daeschler, E. B., Shubin, N. H. and Jenkins, F. A., Jr. 2006. A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan. – Nature 440: 757–763.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Chorev, D. S., Baker, L. A., Wu, D., Beilsten-Edmands, V., Rouse, S. L., Zeev-Ben-Mordehai, T., Jiko, C., Samsudin, F., Gerle, C., Khalid, S., Stewart, A. G., Matthews, S. J., Grünewald, K. and Robinson, C. V. 2018. Protein assemblies ejected directly from native membranes yield complexes for mass spectrometry. – Science 362: 829–834.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Khoei, A. R. 2014. Extended Finite Element Method. – John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Canal, C. and Idani, A.Eds. 2015. Software Engineering and Formal Methods: SEFM 2014 Collocated Workshops: HOFM, SAFOME, OpenCert, MoKMaSD, WS-FMDS, Grenoble, France, September 1-2, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. – Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Gyöngy, I. and Stinga, P. R. 2013. Rate of Convergence of Wong–Zakai Approximations for Stochastic Partial Differential Equations. – In: Dalang, R. C. et al. (eds), Seminar on Stochastic Analysis, Random Fields and Applications VII: Centro Stefano Franscini, Ascona, May 2011. Springer, pp. 95–130.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Avian Biology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. 2017. This Video Relives The Moment We Landed On A Moon In The Outer Solar System. – IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1977. Maritime Administration’s Satellite Communications Program: Is It Still Needed?

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reilly, C. A. 2014. Information and Communication Technology Use in the College Classroom: Adjunct Faculty Perspectives. – Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bulkeley, K. 2013. Data-Mining Our Dreams. – New York Times. : SR14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zimmerman 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Zimmerman 2004, Drake and Testa 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Drake and Testa 2005)
Three or more authors: (Chorev et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Avian Biology
Abbreviation	J. Avian Biol.
ISSN (print)	0908-8857
ISSN (online)	1600-048X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics