How to format your references using the Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

I. Wickelgren, “Neuroscience. Monkey see, monkey think about doing,” Science 305(5681), 162–163 (2004).

A journal article with 2 authors

U. G. Wortmann and A. Paytan, “Rapid variability of seawater chemistry over the past 130 million years,” Science 337(6092), 334–336 (2012).

A journal article with 3 authors

M. Z. Jacobson, W. G. Colella, and D. M. Golden, “Cleaning the air and improving health with hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles,” Science 308(5730), 1901–1905 (2005).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

M. Miyashita et al., “Total synthesis of norzoanthamine,” Science 305(5683), 495–499 (2004).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

V. Woolf, The Years, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2012).

An edited book

W. C. Cockerham, Ed., Medical Sociology on the Move: New Directions in Theory, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2013).

A chapter in an edited book

B. Gibson et al., “Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia,” in Childhood Leukemia: A Practical Handbook, G. H. Reaman and F. O. Smith, Eds., pp. 121–160, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2011).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems.

Blog post

E. Andrew, “Polarised Light and the Super Sense You Didn’t Know you had,” IFLScience, 1 July 2015 (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, “Job Corps Costs and Outcomes,” HRD-93-16R, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1993).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

T. C. James, “African American Students in a California Community College: Perceptions of Cultural Congruity and Academic Self-Concept within a Black Culture Center,” Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University (2017).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

B. Sisario, “‘Hamilton Mixtape’ No. 1 on Chart,” in New York Times, p. C3 (2016).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
Abbreviation	J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.
ISSN (print)	2329-4124
ISSN (online)	2329-4221
Scope	Space and Planetary Science Control and Systems Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Astronomy and Astrophysics Instrumentation