How to format your references using the Journal of Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Livingstone MS. Is it warm? Is it real? Or just low spatial frequency? Science. 2000;290(5495):1299b.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fairn GD, Grinstein S. Cell biology. A one-sided signal. Science. 2008;320(5875):458-460.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arantes-Oliveira N, Berman JR, Kenyon C. Healthy animals with extreme longevity. Science. 2003;302(5645):611.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lindell D, Jaffe JD, Johnson ZI, Church GM, Chisholm SW. Photosynthesis genes in marine viruses yield proteins during host infection. Nature. 2005;438(7064):86-89.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Datta TK. Seismic Analysis of Structures. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Percec V, ed. Hierarchical Macromolecular Structures: 60 Years after the Staudinger Nobel Prize II. Vol 262. Springer International Publishing; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Kristiansen E, Pries-Heje J, Baskerville RL. Designing Scientific Creativity. In: Commisso TH, Nørbjerg J, Pries-Heje J, eds. Nordic Contributions in IS Research: 5th Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems, SCIS 2014, Ringsted, Denmark, August 10-13, 2014. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer International Publishing; 2014:44-57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery.

Blog post

Andrew E. NASA’s HiRISE Camera Shows The Frosty Valleys Of Mars. IFLScience. August 5, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasas-hirise-camera-shows-frosty-plains-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: HUD Needs to Better Define Commitments and Disclose Risks for Modernization Projects in Future Expenditure Plans. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan BK. Hyperboloid-Parameterized Description of Diffusive Superconducting-Magnetic Hybrid Systems. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartocollis A. Bidders’ Plans for Brooklyn Hospital Include Medical and Housing Needs. New York Times. February 8, 2014:A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Arthrosc. Jt. Surg.
ISSN (print)	2214-9635
Scope