How to format your references using the Journal of Arid Environments citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Arid Environments. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Deary, I., 2008. Why do intelligent people live longer? Nature 456, 175–176.

A journal article with 2 authors

Loring, J.F., Campbell, C., 2006. Science and law. Intellectual property and human embryonic stem cell research. Science 311, 1716–1717.

A journal article with 3 authors

Micol-Ponce, R., Aguilera, V., Ponce, M.R., 2014. A genetic screen for suppressors of a hypomorphic allele of Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE1. Sci. Rep. 4, 5533.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jarosz, E., Mitchell, D.A., Wang, D.W., Teague, W.J., 2007. Bottom-up determination of air-sea momentum exchange under a major tropical cyclone. Science 315, 1707–1709.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vignes, A., 2013. Extractive Metallurgy 3. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Koch, H., 2014. Dispersive Equations and Nonlinear Waves: Generalized Korteweg–de Vries, Nonlinear Schrödinger, Wave and Schrödinger Maps, Oberwolfach Seminars. Springer, Basel.

A chapter in an edited book

Lopes, A., Oliveira, S., Fragoso, M., Andrade, J.A., Pedro, P., 2009. Wind Risk Assessment in Urban Environments: The Case of Falling Trees During Windstorm Events in Lisbon, in: Střelcová, K., Mátyás, C., Kleidon, A., Lapin, M., Matejka, F., Blaženec, M., Škvarenina, J., Holécy, J. (Eds.), Bioclimatology and Natural Hazards. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 55–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Arid Environments.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. Newly Developed 3D Printer Can Print With Ten Different Materials [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/newly-developed-3d-printer-can-print-ten-different-materials/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1990. ADP Budget: Potential Reductions to the Department of the Air Force’s Budget Request (No. IMTEC-90-57BR). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gramajo, G.G., 2014. Guidance control of small UAV with energy and maneuverability limitations for a search and coverage mission (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wilson, M., 2017. A Hole in Their Hearts, 5 Years After Hurricane Hit Staten Island. New York Times A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Deary, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Deary, 2008; Loring and Campbell, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Loring and Campbell, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Jarosz et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Arid Environments
Abbreviation	J. Arid Environ.
ISSN (print)	0140-1963
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes Ecology