How to format your references using the Journal of Archaeological Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Archaeological Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Baker, M. (2011). Animal models: inside the minds of mice and men. Nature 475: 123–128.

A journal article with 2 authors

Atkins, J. F. and Gesteland, R. (2002). Biochemistry. The 22nd amino acid. Science 296: 1409–1410.

A journal article with 3 authors

Karner, M. B., DeLong, E. F. and Karl, D. M. (2001). Archaeal dominance in the mesopelagic zone of the Pacific Ocean. Nature 409: 507–510.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mali, S. S., Kim, H., Shim, C. S., Patil, P. S., Kim, J. H. and Hong, C. K. (2013). Surfactant free most probable TiO₂ nanostructures via hydrothermal and its dye sensitized solar cell properties. Sci. Rep. 3: 3004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lahdenmäki, T. and Leach, M. (2005). Relational Database Index Design and the Optimizers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Wetzelhuetter, C. ed. (2013). Groundwater in the Coastal Zones of Asia-Pacific, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Strubbe, S. and Langerak, R. (2005). A Composition Operator for Systems with Active and Passive Actions. In F. Wang (ed.), Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems - FORTE 2005: 25th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, October 2-5, 2005. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp.24–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Archaeological Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Carcass Of Extremely Rare Megamouth Shark Washes Ashore In The Philippines (consulted October 2018: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/carcass-extremely-rare-megamouth-shark-washes-ashore-philippines/).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012). Trade Adjustment Assistance: Labor Awarded Community College Grants in Accordance with Requirements, but Needs to Improve Its Process, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Subramanian, K. (2003). Mechanisms and Effect of Microstructure on High Temperature Deformation of Gamma-TiAl Based Alloys, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hostetter, M. A. (2016). Dear Dad: We’ve Been Gay for a Really Long Time. New York Times ST6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Baker 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Atkins and Gesteland 2002; Baker 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Atkins and Gesteland 2002)
Three or more authors: (Mali et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Archaeological Research
Abbreviation	J. Archaeol. Res.
ISSN (print)	1059-0161
ISSN (online)	1573-7756
Scope	General Arts and Humanities Archaeology

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