How to format your references using the Journal of Archaeological Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Archaeological Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gnecco, E. (2009). Nanotechnology: A gentle jackhammer. Nature 461: 178–179.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mather, J. and Mao, M. (2012). Astronomy: A conversation about observation. Nature 490: S5-7.

A journal article with 3 authors

Baumgart, T., Hess, S. T. and Webb, W. W. (2003). Imaging coexisting fluid domains in biomembrane models coupling curvature and line tension. Nature 425: 821–824.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Yamamoto, Y., Verma, U. N., Prajapati, S., Kwak, Y.-T. and Gaynor, R. B. (2003). Histone H3 phosphorylation by IKK-alpha is critical for cytokine-induced gene expression. Nature 423: 655–659.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lee, J. C. and McCormick, N. J. (2011). Risk and Safety Analysis of Nuclear Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Daydé, M., Dongarra, J., Hernández, V. and Palma, J. M. L. M. eds. (2005). High Performance Computing for Computational Science - VECPAR 2004: 6th International Conference, Valencia, Spain, June 28-30, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Mei, Y. and Goenezen, S. (2015). Spatially Weighted Objective Function to Solve the Inverse Elasticity Problem for the Elastic Modulus. In B. Doyle K. Miller A. Wittek and P. M. F. Nielsen (eds.), Computational Biomechanics for Medicine: New Approaches and New Applications, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp.47–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Archaeological Research.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015). The War On Science (consulted October 2018: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/short-film-war-science/).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008). Social Security Administration Field Offices: Reduced Workforce Faces Challenges as Baby Boomers Retire, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nonu, M. E. (2017). Eagle Lake Climate Change during the Holocene and during the Last 100 Years, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess, B. and Thomas, L., Jr (2016). Deutsche Bank to Settle U.S. Inquiry Into Mortgages for $7.2 Billion. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gnecco 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Gnecco 2009; Mather and Mao 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mather and Mao 2012)
Three or more authors: (Yamamoto et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Archaeological Research
Abbreviation	J. Archaeol. Res.
ISSN (print)	1059-0161
ISSN (online)	1573-7756
Scope	General Arts and Humanities Archaeology