How to format your references using the Journal of Applied Research and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Applied Research and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bucksbaum, P. H. (2004). Applied physics. X-ray movies of wiggling crystals. Science (New York, N.Y.), 306(5702), 1691–1692.

A journal article with 2 authors

Silphaduang, U., & Noga, E. J. (2001). Peptide antibiotics in mast cells of fish. Nature, 414(6861), 268–269.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pearson, P. N., Foster, G. L., & Wade, B. S. (2009). Atmospheric carbon dioxide through the Eocene-Oligocene climate transition. Nature, 461(7267), 1110–1113.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Shigeta, M., Ohtsuka, S., Nishikawa-Torikai, S., Yamane, M., Fujii, S., Murakami, K., & Niwa, H. (2013). Maintenance of pluripotency in mouse ES cells without Trp53. Scientific Reports, 3, 2944.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chevallier, J., & Ielpo, F. (2013). The Economics of Commodity Markets. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

de Souza, W. (Ed.). (2010). Structures and Organelles in Pathogenic Protists (Vol. 17). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bravo, C., Sánchez, N., García, N., & Menéndez, J. M. (2013). Outdoor Vacant Parking Space Detector for Improving Mobility in Smart Cities. In L. Correia, L. P. Reis, & J. Cascalho (Eds.), Progress in Artificial Intelligence: 16th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2013, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal, September 9-12, 2013. Proceedings (pp. 30–41). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Applied Research and Technology.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, March 31). Float through a celestial snow angel. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/float-through-celestial-snow-angel/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1992). Airspace System: Emerging Technologies May Offer Alternatives to the Instrument Landing System (RCED-93-33). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Walters, L. A. (2015). A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Employee Attitudes, Awareness, and Satisfaction with Regard to the University Employee Wellness Program [Doctoral dissertation]. Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Swansburg, J. (2017, March 31). Men of Summer. New York Times, BR14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bucksbaum, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Bucksbaum, 2004; Silphaduang & Noga, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Silphaduang & Noga, 2001)
Three authors: (Pearson et al., 2009)
6 or more authors: (Shigeta et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Applied Research and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Appl. Res. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1665-6423
Scope	General Engineering