How to format your references using the Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Dlakic M. Is CdtB a nuclease or a phosphatase? Science, 291, 547 (2001).

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Frenking G, Holzmann N. Chemistry. A boron-boron triple bond. Science, 336, 1394–5 (2012).

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Aarts DGAL, Schmidt M, Lekkerkerker HNW. Direct visual observation of thermal capillary waves. Science, 304, 847–50 (2004).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Christopherson KW 2nd, Hangoc G, Mantel CR, Broxmeyer HE. Modulation of hematopoietic stem cell homing and engraftment by CD26. Science, 305, 1000–3 (2004).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Zhong Q-C, Hornik T. Control of Power Inverters in Renewable Energy and Smart Grid Integration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom, (2012).

An edited book

[1]

Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery: 10th International Conference, DaWaK 2008 Turin, Italy, September 2-5, 2008 Proceedings. Vol. 5182, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, (2008).

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gillick J, Puri P. Pre-operative Management and Vascular Access. Pediatric Surgery. (Puri Prem , Höllwarth Michael ed.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp.27–38 (2009).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. “Watch SpaceX’s Falcon 9 Rocket Launch LIVE”.: <https://www.iflscience.com/space/live-webcast-spacex-crs-4-launch/>, cited 30 October, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Data Center Consolidation: Strengthened Oversight Needed to Achieve Cost Savings Goal, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jin R. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wines M. Hometown Molded Pence Even as It Began to Change, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,4,6,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Abbreviation	J. Appl. Pharm. Res.
ISSN (online)	2348-0335
Scope