How to format your references using the Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spurgeon D. Canada plans reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions. Nature 2000; 407(6806): 824.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmeing TM, Ramakrishnan V. What recent ribosome structures have revealed about the mechanism of translation. Nature 2009; 461(7268): 1234–1242.

A journal article with 3 authors

Knigge C, Leigh N, Sills A. A binary origin for “blue stragglers” in globular clusters. Nature 2009; 457(7227): 288–290.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang D, Bushnell DA, Huang X, Westover KD, Levitt M, Kornberg RD. Structural basis of transcription: backtracked RNA polymerase II at 3.4 angstrom resolution. Science 2009; 324(5931): 1203–1206.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wegener E. Montagegerechte Anlagenplanung (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG, 2003).

An edited book

Zeuch M, ed. Handbook of Human Resources Management (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2016).

A chapter in an edited book

Shah S, Sharma G. Current Clinical Diagnostic Tests for Asthma, in Heterogeneity in Asthma, edited by A.R. Brasier (Springer US, Boston, MA, 2014), pp. 75–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics.

Blog post

Andrew E. How Do Astronauts Sleep In Space? IFLScience 2015;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Chief Information Officer: Opportunities to Strengthen Information Resources Management (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1996).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Catt BS. The reduction of surgical errors through a development of safety culture, teamwork, and communication (Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman J. Sciencetake; Hungry Bumble Bees Buzz for Their Suppers. New York Times 2016; D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^{1, 2}.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics
Abbreviation	J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys.
ISSN (print)	1526-9914
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Instrumentation Radiation