How to format your references using the Journal of Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Camerer CF. Psychology and economics. Strategizing in the brain. Science. 2003;300:1673–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pelkmans L, Zerial M. Kinase-regulated quantal assemblies and kiss-and-run recycling of caveolae. Nature. 2005;436:128–33.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Gong M, Kirkeminde A, Ren S. Symmetry-defying iron pyrite (FeS₂) nanocrystals through oriented attachment. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2092.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lu SF, Jin GZ, Uzzi B, Jones B. The retraction penalty: evidence from the Web of Science. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3146.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Saadoun AP. Esthetic Soft Tissue Management of Teeth and Implants. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.; 2012.

An edited book

1. O’Connell AF, Nichols JD, Karanth KU, editors. Camera Traps in Animal Ecology: Methods and Analyses. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kondapalli LA. Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation and Transplantation. In: Gracia C, Woodruff TK, editors. Oncofertility Medical Practice: Clinical Issues and Implementation. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. p. 63–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Anesthesia.

Blog post

1. Evans K. Over And Over Again, The Military Has Conducted Dangerous Biowarfare Experiments On Americans [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/the-military-has-conducted-dangerous-biowarfare-experiments-on-americans/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. [Federal Policies and Practices for Acquiring Information Technology Can Be Improved]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1984 Jun. Report No.: 124890.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tripamer AJ. Teacher Perceptions of Teacher Evaluations in the Fort Zumwalt School District [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly C. Frugality Can Be Acquired, but It Can’t Be Bought. New York Times. 2008 Mar 1;C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Anesthesia
Abbreviation	J. Anesth.
ISSN (print)	0913-8668
ISSN (online)	1438-8359
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine