How to format your references using the Journal of Acute Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Acute Disease (JAD). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Armitage PJ. Astronomy. A trap for planet formation. Science 2013;340(6137):1179–1180.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jakosky BM, Phillips RJ. Mars’ volatile and climate history. Nature 2001;412(6843):237–244.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Solter LF, Kyei-Poku GK, Johny S. Comment on ‘Invasive harlequin ladybird carries biological weapons against native competitors’. Science 2013;341(6152):1342.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Jiang L, Li JK, Cheng PM, Liu G, Wang RH, Chen BA, et al. Microalloying ultrafine grained Al alloys with enhanced ductility. Sci Rep 2014;4:3605.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Rigo M. Formal Languages, Automata and Numeration Systems 2. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Les Z. Shape Understanding System: The First Steps toward the Visual Thinking Machines. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Gottschalk H, Thaler H. A Comment on the Infra-Red Problem in the AdS/CFT Correspondence. In: Fauser B, Tolksdorf J, Zeidler E, editors. Quantum Field Theory: Competitive Models. Birkhäuser: Basel, 2009: 67–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Acute Disease.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Who Lives Longest: Meat Eaters Or Vegetarians? IFLScience. 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/who-lives-longest-meat-eaters-or-vegetarians/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Commercial Space Transportation: Development of the Commercial Space Launch Industry Presents Safety Oversight Challenges for FAA and Raises Issues Affecting Federal Roles. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Buckley M. Weaving Into the Glimmer. 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Belarus: Journalists Sentenced. New York Times. 2002;:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Acute Disease
Abbreviation	J. Acute Dis.
ISSN (print)	2221-6189
Scope