How to format your references using the JMM Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JMM Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sandman PM. Pandemics: good hygiene is not enough. Nature 2009;459:322–323.

A journal article with 2 authors

Boomsma JJ, Pamilo P. Retrospective. Rossiter H. Crozier (1943-2009). Science 2010;327:45.

A journal article with 3 authors

Goldman YE, Franzini-Armstrong C, Armstrong CM. Andrew Fielding Huxley (1917-2012). Nature 2012;486:474.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Luo H-W, Chen J-J, Sheng G-P, Su J-H, Wei S-Q, et al. Experimental and theoretical approaches for the surface interaction between copper and activated sludge microorganisms at molecular scale. Sci Rep 2014;4:7078.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ibrahim MA. Disturbance Analysis for Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Rehm G, Uszkoreit H (eds). The Maltese Language in the Digital Age. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Balasch J, Gierlichs B, Grosso V, Reparaz O, Standaert F-X. On the Cost of Lazy Engineering for Masked Software Implementations. In: Joye M, Moradi A (editors). Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications: 13th International Conference, CARDIS 2014, Paris, France, November 5-7, 2014. Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. pp. 64–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JMM Case Reports.

Blog post

Fang J. Bizarre New Hammerhead Marine Reptile Discovered In Triassic China. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. FAA Facilities: Improved Condition Assessment Methods Could Better Inform Maintenance Decisions and Capital- Planning Efforts. GAO-13-757; Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 10 September 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Long KE. Voluntary exiles: Short-term Western expatriates in three Chinese cities. Doctoral Dissertation; California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shultz GP, Aspe P. Nafta Needs An Update, Not Repeal. New York Times, 16 October 2017, p. A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	JMM Case Reports
Abbreviation	JMM Case Rep.
ISSN (online)	2053-3721
Scope