How to format your references using the JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association) citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association) (JAMA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowman L. Different directions? Nature. 2003;426(6967):712.

A journal article with 2 authors

Miroshnichenko AE, Kivshar YS. Applied physics. Polarization traffic control for surface plasmons. Science. 2013;340(6130):283-284.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaina N, Fink M, Lerosey G. Composite media mixing Bragg and local resonances for highly attenuating and broad bandgaps. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3240.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Selli D, Baburin IA, Martoňák R, Leoni S. Novel metastable metallic and semiconducting germaniums. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1466.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jufer M. Electric Drives. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Schadendorf D. Handbook of Cutaneous Melanoma: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment. (Kochs C, Livingstone E, eds.). Springer Healthcare Ltd.; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Consiglio A, Mencar C, Grillo G, Liuni S. Managing NGS Differential Expression Uncertainty with Fuzzy Sets. In: Angelini C, Rancoita PMV, Rovetta S, eds. Computational Intelligence Methods for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics: 12th International Meeting, CIBB 2015, Naples, Italy, September 10-12, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing; 2016:42-53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association).

Blog post

Andrew E. Interbreeding Among Early Hominins. IFLScience. Published November 25, 2013. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/interbreeding-among-early-hominins/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Administration of the Head Start Program by the Mountain Community Action Program, Inc. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Albers C. One Academic Year Study of Experiences of One Cohort of Graduates from a Midwestern University’s Teacher Education Program. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly DA. Weekender | Lenox, Mass. New York Times. March 19, 2004:F8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association)
Abbreviation	JAMA
ISSN (print)	0098-7484
ISSN (online)	1538-3598
Scope	General Medicine

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