How to format your references using the JAAD Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JAAD Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Warnock M. The ethical regulation of science. Nature. 2007;450(7170):615.

A journal article with 2 authors

Goyal S, Zandstra PW. Stem cells: Chasing blood. Nature. 2015;518(7540):488-490.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yan Z, Cai M, Shen PK. Nanosized tungsten carbide synthesized by a novel route at low temperature for high performance electrocatalysis. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1646.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Brent LJN, Heilbronner SR, Horvath JE, et al. Genetic origins of social networks in rhesus macaques. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1042.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gavin H, Porter T. Female Aggression. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Richet X, Delteil V, Dieuaide P, eds. Strategies of Multinational Corporations and Social Regulations: European and Asian Perspectives. Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Westphal LM, Massie JAM. Embryo and Oocyte Banking. In: Gracia C, Woodruff TK, eds. Oncofertility Medical Practice: Clinical Issues and Implementation. Springer; 2012:51-61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JAAD Case Reports.

Blog post

Davis J. The World’s Environments Are Being Destroyed Faster Than They Can Recover. IFLScience. May 25, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/worlds-environment-being-degraded-fast-it-can-recover/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. ADP Systems: Better Control Over States’ Medicaid Systems Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hambarsoomian H. Classification of Placental Chorionic Surface Vasculature Network Features Using Machine Learning Techniques. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Like Cubs, the Nationals Seek to End a Drought. New York Times. October 13, 2016:B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	JAAD Case Reports
Abbreviation	JAAD Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2352-5126
Scope