How to format your references using the JAAD Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JAAD Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brody H. Hepatitis C. Nature. 2011;474(7350):S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Padoa-Schioppa C, Assad JA. Neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex encode economic value. Nature. 2006;441(7090):223-226.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ruby JG, Jan CH, Bartel DP. Intronic microRNA precursors that bypass Drosha processing. Nature. 2007;448(7149):83-86.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Stoll S, Delon J, Brotz TM, Germain RN. Dynamic imaging of T cell-dendritic cell interactions in lymph nodes. Science. 2002;296(5574):1873-1876.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pangarkar VG. Design of Multiphase Reactors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2014.

An edited book

Antoldi F. Export Consortia in Developing Countries: Successful Management of Cooperation Among SMEs. (Cerrato D, Depperu D, eds.). Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Guillaume F, Schoutens W. Bid-Ask Spread for Exotic Options under Conic Finance. In: Glau K, Scherer M, Zagst R, eds. Innovations in Quantitative Risk Management: TU München, September 2013. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Springer International Publishing; 2015:59-74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JAAD Case Reports.

Blog post

Davis J. An “Optical Dog’s Nose” Could Help Detect Cancer From Your Breath. IFLScience. July 10, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/optical-dogs-nose-could-help-detect-cancer-your-breath/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Amtrak: Information on Subsidies in Thruway Bus Operations. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quintero MC. Constructing a Clinical Research Data Management System. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Romero S. Rebels Delay Peace Talks In Colombia. New York Times. August 24, 2013:A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	JAAD Case Reports
Abbreviation	JAAD Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2352-5126
Scope