How to format your references using the IZA Journal of European Labor Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins GS (2012) Geochemistry. Moonstruck magnetism. Science 335:1176–1177

A journal article with 2 authors

Sheehan MJ, Tibbetts EA (2011) Specialized face learning is associated with individual recognition in paper wasps. Science 334:1272–1275

A journal article with 3 authors

Gebelein B, McKay DJ, Mann RS (2004) Direct integration of Hox and segmentation gene inputs during Drosophila development. Nature 431:653–659

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Lindquist NC, Johnson TW, Nagpal P, et al (2013) Plasmonic nanofocusing with a metallic pyramid and an integrated C-shaped aperture. Sci Rep 3:1857

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Klöpffer W (2012) Verhalten und Abbau von Umweltchemikalien. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Zannier U (ed) (2015) Colloquium De Giorgi 2013 and 2014. Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa

A chapter in an edited book

Oliehoek FA, Visser A (2010) A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Collaboration: Principal Description Methods and Efficient Heuristic Approximations. In: Babuška R, Groen FCA (eds) Interactive Collaborative Information Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 87–124

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2011) Minor Planets Can Gain Rings When Larger Worlds Tear Them Apart. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/minor-planets-can-gain-rings-when-larger-worlds-tear-them-apart/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Space Acquisitions: Challenges Facing DOD as it Changes Approaches to Space Acquisitions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barajas D (2010) The marginalization of Zitkala-Ša and Wendy Rose. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S (2009) Behind an Outsize Court Case, Two Everyday Tenants. New York Times CY5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Sheehan and Tibbetts 2011; Collins 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sheehan and Tibbetts 2011)
Three or more authors: (Lindquist et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of European Labor Studies
ISSN (online)	2193-9012
Scope