How to format your references using the IZA Journal of European Labor Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Narlikar JV (2000) Venture funding for new ideas. Nature 404:707

A journal article with 2 authors

Roelofs J, Van Haastert PJ (2001) Genes lost during evolution. Nature 411:1013–1014

A journal article with 3 authors

Nestle FO, Speidel H, Speidel MO (2002) Metallurgy: high nickel release from 1- and 2-euro coins. Nature 419:132

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Tabuchi K, Blundell J, Etherton MR, et al (2007) A neuroligin-3 mutation implicated in autism increases inhibitory synaptic transmission in mice. Science 318:71–76

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Meschede D (2017) Optics, Light, and Lasers. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Ossowski S (ed) (2013) Agreement Technologies. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Eberhardt U, Rulhoff S, Stjepandic J (2010) Integration of Time Management in the Digital Factory. In: Pokojski J, Fukuda S, Salwiński J (eds) New World Situation: New Directions in Concurrent Engineering: Proceedings of the 17th ISPE International Conference on Concurrent Engineering. Springer, London, pp 33–41

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2017) Tooth Be Told: Millions Of Years Of Evolutionary History Mark Those Molars. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/tooth-be-told-millions-of-years-of-evolutionary-history-mark-those-molars/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1970) Administration of Payroll Matters for Civilian Employees, Marine Corps Development and Education Command. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clark M (2011) How Charter School Teachers Act on Perceived Autonomy: A Qualitative Study of Curricular Decisions. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Cespedes Serves as Grand Marshal in the Mets’ Home Run Parade. New York Times B9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Narlikar 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Narlikar 2000; Roelofs and Van Haastert 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Roelofs and Van Haastert 2001)
Three or more authors: (Tabuchi et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of European Labor Studies
ISSN (online)	2193-9012
Scope