How to format your references using the IZA Journal of European Labor Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Braxton JM (2012) Education: Make mentorship matter. Nature 487:165–166

A journal article with 2 authors

Chittka L, Schürkens S (2001) Successful invasion of a floral market. Nature 411:653

A journal article with 3 authors

Ferguson NM, Donnelly CA, Anderson RM (2001) The foot-and-mouth epidemic in Great Britain: pattern of spread and impact of interventions. Science 292:1155–1160

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Huang J, Hu R, Rozelle S, Pray C (2005) Insect-resistant GM rice in farmers’ fields: assessing productivity and health effects in China. Science 308:688–690

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sharma YC (2011) A Guide to the Economic Removal of Metals from Aqueous Solutions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bondavalli A, Di Giandomenico F (eds) (2014) Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security: 33rd International Conference, SAFECOMP 2014, Florence, Italy, September 10-12, 2014. Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Khiari M, Boizumault P, Crémilleux B (2012) Combining Constraint Programming and Constraint-Based Mining for Pattern Discovery. In: Guillet F, Ritschard G, Zighed DA (eds) Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Management: Volume 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 85–103

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of European Labor Studies.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2017) The White House Has Released A Plan To Deal With An Asteroid Impact. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-white-house-has-released-a-plan-to-deal-with-an-asteroid-impact/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Space Launch System: Resources Need to be Matched to Requirements to Decrease Risk and Support Long Term Affordability. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Oates PE (2009) Leadership transactions impacting transformation. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sanger DE, Rosenberg M, Schmidt MS (2017) Republicans Join Calls for Independent Investigator. New York Times A19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Braxton 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Chittka and Schürkens 2001; Braxton 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chittka and Schürkens 2001)
Three or more authors: (Huang et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of European Labor Studies
ISSN (online)	2193-9012
Scope