How to format your references using the Italian Journal of Pediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Italian Journal of Pediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Broecker WS. Geology. Was the Younger Dryas triggered by a flood? Science. 2006;312:1146–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Frank SA, Nowak MA. Cell biology: Developmental predisposition to cancer. Nature. 2003;422:494.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Jansens A, van Duijn E, Braakman I. Coordinated nonvectorial folding in a newly synthesized multidomain protein. Science. 2002;298:2401–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Palesch D, Bosinger SE, Tharp GK, Vanderford TH, Paiardini M, Chahroudi A, et al. Sooty mangabey genome sequence provides insight into AIDS resistance in a natural SIV host. Nature. 2018;553:77–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. Energy Materials 2014. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

1. Cao H, Paltiel J, editors. Facing China as a New Global Superpower: Domestic and International Dynamics from a Multidisciplinary Angle. Singapore: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kawarabayashi K-I, Kobayashi Y. The Induced Disjoint Paths Problem. In: Lodi A, Panconesi A, Rinaldi G, editors. Integer Programming and Combinatorial Optimization: 13th International Conference, IPCO 2008 Bertinoro, Italy, May 26-28, 2008 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 47–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Italian Journal of Pediatrics.

Blog post

1. Hamilton K. The Biggest Mistake In The History Of Science. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Transition Series: Information Technology Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Nov. Report No.: OCG-89-6TR.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Amos AE. Perceptions of the persistent: Academic experiences of first generation community college students [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Weiser B, Schwirtz M. Prison Guards Will Not Be Charged in an Inmate’s Death in 2015, Prosecutors Say. New York Times. 2017 Aug 2;A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Italian Journal of Pediatrics
Abbreviation	Ital. J. Pediatr.
ISSN (online)	1824-7288
Scope