How to format your references using the Italian Journal of Pediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Italian Journal of Pediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Baker M. Cell therapy: being patient. Nature. 2008;455:586–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Olson MV, Varki A. Genomics. The chimpanzee genome--a bittersweet celebration. Science. 2004;305:191–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Van Valkenburgh B, Wang X, Damuth J. Cope’s rule, hypercarnivory, and extinction in North American canids. Science. 2004;306:101–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kohl I, Bachmann L, Mayer E, Hallbrucker A, Loerting T. Water Behaviour: glass transition in hyperquenched water? Nature. 2005;435:E1; discussion E1-2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Reason B, Løvlie L, Brand Flu M. Service Design for Business. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

1. Weiss SM. Fundamentals of Predictive Text Mining. 2nd ed. 2015. Indurkhya N, Zhang T, editors. London: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Ülgener MF. Obligations and Liabilities of the Carrier. In: Güner-Özbek MD, editor. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea: An Appraisal of the “Rotterdam Rules.” Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 139–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Italian Journal of Pediatrics.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Childhood Health Improves Following Closure of Chinese Coal-Burning Power Plant. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites: Acquisition Has Increased Costs, Reduced Capabilities, and Delayed Schedules. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 Apr. Report No.: GAO-09-596T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Lavin EE. Discourse in monolingual and bilingual non-trial hearings [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Stewart JB. How Dauman Lost the Battle for Viacom. New York Times. 2016 Aug 25;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Italian Journal of Pediatrics
Abbreviation	Ital. J. Pediatr.
ISSN (online)	1824-7288
Scope