How to format your references using the Personalized Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Personalized Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Remer LA. Atmospheric science. Just add aerosols. Science. 344(6188), 1089 (2014).

A journal article with 2 authors

Magnus D, Cho MK. Ethics. Issues in oocyte donation for stem cell research. Science. 308(5729), 1747–1748 (2005).

A journal article with 3 authors

Dickie IA, Hurst JM, Bellingham PJ. Comment on “Conspecific negative density dependence and forest diversity.” Science. 338(6106), 469; author reply 469 (2012).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Baxter-Burrell A, Yang Z, Springer PS, Bailey-Serres J. RopGAP4-dependent Rop GTPase rheostat control of Arabidopsis oxygen deprivation tolerance. Science. 296(5575), 2026–2028 (2002).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Numai T. Laser Diodes and their Applications to Communications and Information Processing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mueller WA. Development and Reproduction in Humans and Animal Model Species. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Kjærulff UB, Madsen AL. Probabilistic Networks. In: Bayesian Networks and Influence Diagrams: A Guide to Construction and Analysis. Madsen AL (Ed.), Springer, New York, NY, 69–109 (2013).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Personalized Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. Branched Chain Amino Acids Levels Spike Years Before Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis. IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Highway Bridge Program: Condition of Nation’s Bridges Shows Limited Improvement, but Further Actions Could Enhance the Impact of Federal Investment. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reitz MA. Nonlinear Robust Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors With Applications to Hybrid Electric Vehicles. (2016).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker L. A Neighborhood Rises From the Waterfront. New York Times, RE12 (2006).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Personalized Medicine
Abbreviation	Per. Med.
ISSN (print)	1741-0541
ISSN (online)	1744-828X
Scope	Molecular Medicine General Medicine Pharmacology

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