How to format your references using the International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilson, D.B., 2005. Immunology: Insulin auto-antigenicity in type 1 diabetes. Nature 438, E5; discussion E5-6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kaspi, Y., Schneider, T., 2011. Winter cold of eastern continental boundaries induced by warm ocean waters. Nature 471, 621–624.

A journal article with 3 authors

Benham-Pyle, B.W., Pruitt, B.L., Nelson, W.J., 2015. Cell adhesion. Mechanical strain induces E-cadherin-dependent Yap1 and β-catenin activation to drive cell cycle entry. Science 348, 1024–1027.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wu, G.D., Chen, J., Hoffmann, C., Bittinger, K., Chen, Y.-Y., Keilbaugh, S.A., Bewtra, M., Knights, D., Walters, W.A., Knight, R., Sinha, R., Gilroy, E., Gupta, K., Baldassano, R., Nessel, L., Li, H., Bushman, F.D., Lewis, J.D., 2011. Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes. Science 334, 105–108.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ibe, O.C., 2011. Fundamentals of Stochastic Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Südholt, M., Consel, C. (Eds.), 2007. Object-Oriented Technology. ECOOP 2006 Workshop Reader: ECOOP 2006 Workshops, Nantes, France, July 3-7, 2006, Final Reports, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Ďurisová, L., Asche, H., 2009. Mapping Land Cover with Commercial and Freeware Image Classification Software – An Example from Bavaria, Germany, in: Gartner, G., Ortag, F. (Eds.), Cartography in Central and Eastern Europe: CEE 2009, Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 77–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2017. NASA’s Mission To Europa Now Has An Official Name [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasas-mission-to-europa-now-has-an-official-name/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. Geographic Information System: Forest Service Has Resolved GAO Concerns About Its Proposed Nationwide System (No. T-IMTEC-92-14). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lim, K., 2017. An Inquiry of How Art Education Policies are Reflected in Art Teacher Preparation: Examining the Standards for Visual Arts and Art Teacher Certification (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Fausset, R., Eligon, J., Horowitz, J., Robles, F., 2015. A Hectic Day at Church, and Then a Hellish Visitor. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wilson, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Kaspi and Schneider, 2011; Wilson, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kaspi and Schneider, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology
ISSN (print)	2046-0430
Scope