How to format your references using the Periodicum Biologorum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Periodicum Biologorum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

GIBSON S 2009 Journal club. An organic chemist highlights an ingenious way to make radiotracers. Nature 457(7229): 515

A journal article with 2 authors

GAO G F and FENG Y 2014 On the ground in Sierra Leone. Science 346(6209): 666

A journal article with 3 authors

LÜ L, ZHANG Z-K, and ZHOU T 2013 Deviation of Zipf’s and Heaps’ Laws in human languages with limited dictionary sizes. Sci Rep 3: 1082

A journal article with 4 or more authors

TOMITA K, ISHITANI R, FUKAI S, and NUREKI O 2006 Complete crystallographic analysis of the dynamics of CCA sequence addition. Nature 443(7114): 956–960

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

MACHIN D and CAMPBELL M J 2005 Design of Studies for Medical Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

GENDLER R, Ed, 2013 Lessons from the Masters: Current Concepts in Astronomical Image Processing, Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

MANTECÓN T, BLANCO C R DEL-, JAUREGUIZAR F, and GARCÍA N 2016 Hand Gesture Recognition Using Infrared Imagery Provided by Leap Motion Controller, In: Blanc-Talon J, Distante C, Philips W, Popescu D, and Scheunders P (eds) Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems: 17th International Conference, ACIVS 2016, Lecce, Italy, October 24-27, 2016, Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, p 47

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Periodicum Biologorum.

Blog post

LUNTZ S Evolutionary Pause Blamed on Tectonic Stall, WEB: https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/evolutionary-pause-blamed-tectonic-stall/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE 1972 Opportunity To Improve Indian Education in Schools Operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

THAN K (2015), The impact of companion pets on the well-being of older adults

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

DETRICK B (2017), Et Al

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Periodicum Biologorum
Abbreviation	Period. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0031-5362
ISSN (online)	1849-0964
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Medicine

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