How to format your references using the International Journal of the Economics of Business citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of the Economics of Business. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang, Lei. 2003. “Amersham Prize Winner. Expanding the Genetic Code.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302 (5645): 584–585.

A journal article with 2 authors

van Der Merwe, P. Anton, and Simon J. Davis. 2002. “Immunology. The Immunological Synapse--a Multitasking System.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 295 (5559): 1479–1480.

A journal article with 3 authors

Curtis, Ruth, Annmarie Groarke, and Frank Sullivan. 2014. “Stress and Self-Efficacy Predict Psychological Adjustment at Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.” Scientific Reports 4 (July): 5569.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Federzoni, Elena A., Magali Humbert, Bruce E. Torbett, Gerhard Behre, Martin F. Fey, and Mario P. Tschan. 2014. “CEBPA-Dependent HK3 and KLF5 Expression in Primary AML and during AML Differentiation.” Scientific Reports 4 (March): 4261.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Labadie, Nacima, Christian Prins, and Caroline Prodhon. 2016. Metaheuristics for Vehicle Routing Problems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lorenz, Birgit, and Michael C. Brodsky, eds. 2010. Pediatric Ophthalmology, Neuro-Ophthalmology, Genetics: Strabismus - New Concepts in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Essentials in Ophthalmology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Arshad, Shaista. 2016. “The Relationship Between Islamic Stock Markets and Business Cycles: A Regional Perspective.” In Islamic Capital Markets: Volatility, Performance and Stability, edited by Nafis Alam and Syed Aun R. Rizvi, 45–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of the Economics of Business.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2016. “Fasting May Improve Cancer Treatment, But Needs Further Exploration.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fasting-may-improve-cancer-treatment-but-needs-further-exploration/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Public Schools: Insufficient Research to Determine Effectiveness of Selected Private Education Companies. GAO-03-11. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Besson, Paul S. 2015. “Affective Organizational Commitment: A Comparative View of the Experience of 5-7 Year Managerial Employees Who Participated in an Employee Identity Network.” Doctoral dissertation, Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, James. 2017. “DeGrom Bounces Back in Style, but Cespedes Exits With Soreness.” New York Times, June 13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wang 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Wang 2003; van Der Merwe and Davis 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (van Der Merwe and Davis 2002)
Three authors: (Curtis, Groarke, and Sullivan 2014)
4 or more authors: (Federzoni et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of the Economics of Business
ISSN (print)	1357-1516
ISSN (online)	1466-1829
Scope	Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) Economics and Econometrics