How to format your references using the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Schweitzer GE. Policy. Science policy in Kazakhstan. Science. 2008;322:1474–1475.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Carvalho AB, Clark AG. Y chromosome of D. pseudoobscura is not homologous to the ancestral Drosophila Y. Science. 2005;307:108–110.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Miller SP, Lunzer M, Dean AM. Direct demonstration of an adaptive constraint. Science. 2006;314:458–461.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Brooks TM, Mittermeier RA, da Fonseca GAB, et al. Global biodiversity conservation priorities. Science. 2006;313:58–61.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Polushkin V. Nuclear Electronics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Healy P, Nikolov NS eds. Graph Drawing: 13th International Symposium, GD 2005, Limerick, Ireland, September 12-14, 2005. Revised Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Downs SM, Johns LK. Clinical Decision-Making. In: Finnell JT, Dixon BE, eds. Clinical Informatics Study Guide: Text and Review. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016:69–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. American Astronauts Drink Their Pee - But Russians Refuse. IFLScience. 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Airline Deregulation: Changes in Airfares, Service, and Safety at Small, Medium-Sized, and Large Communities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Hemschik TK. Course designs, instructional strategies, and support systems in K–8 online education: A case study. 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vecsey G. A Football Program Ends. A Romance Doesn’t. New York Times. 2009:SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
Abbreviation	Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0360-3016
ISSN (online)	1879-355X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiation