How to format your references using the International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hobson, A., 2004. A model for madness? Nature 430, 21.

A journal article with 2 authors

Takehara-Nishiuchi, K., McNaughton, B.L., 2008. Spontaneous changes of neocortical code for associative memory during consolidation. Science 322, 960–963.

A journal article with 3 authors

Matsuo, N., Reijmers, L., Mayford, M., 2008. Spine-type-specific recruitment of newly synthesized AMPA receptors with learning. Science 319, 1104–1107.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Fölling, S., Gerbier, F., Widera, A., Mandel, O., Gericke, T., Bloch, I., 2005. Spatial quantum noise interferometry in expanding ultracold atom clouds. Nature 434, 481–484.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sommers-Flanagan, J., Sommers-Flanagan, R., 2015. Tough Kids Cool Counseling. American Counseling Association, Alexandria, VA, USA.

An edited book

Lodi, A., Panconesi, A., Rinaldi, G. (Eds.), 2008. Integer Programming and Combinatorial Optimization: 13th International Conference, IPCO 2008 Bertinoro, Italy, May 26-28, 2008 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Rodrigues, F., Coles, M., Dye, D., 2012. Connection Managers, in: Coles, M., Dye, D. (Eds.), Pro SQL Server 2012 Integration Services. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp. 83–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. Turns Out That New Massive Ancient Egyptian Statue Isn’t Ramses II [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/turns-out-that-new-massive-ancient-egyptian-statue-isnt-ramses-ii/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2012. Pipeline Safety:Collecting Data and Sharing Information on Federally Unregulated Gathering Pipelines Could Help Enhance Safety (No. GAO-12-388). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Weissflug, K.G., 2009. Effects of Positive Behavior Support Programs on Student Behaviors (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chivers, C.J., ERIN ARVEDLUND; C.J. Chivers reported from Moscow; Erin Arvedlund from Moscow, Buchalki;, Sophia Kishkovsky contributed reporting from Domodedovo International Airport for this article, 2004. Investigators Seek Causes of Near-Simultaneous Jet Crashes in Russia That Killed 89. New York Times A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hobson, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Hobson, 2004; Takehara-Nishiuchi and McNaughton, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Takehara-Nishiuchi and McNaughton, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Fölling et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1567
Scope