How to format your references using the International Journal of Oral Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Oral Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Inan U. Atmospheric science. Gamma rays made on Earth. Science 2005; 307: 1054–1055.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kmita M, Duboule D. Organizing axes in time and space; 25 years of colinear tinkering. Science 2003; 301: 331–333.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kaganovich D, Kopito R, Frydman J. Misfolded proteins partition between two distinct quality control compartments. Nature 2008; 454: 1088–1095.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Woo SH, Choi YY, Kim DJ et al. Tissue-informative mechanism for wearable non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 6618.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ghosh A, Berg S. Arrow Pushing in Inorganic Chemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

1. Alfaro L de ed. Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures: 12th International Conference, FOSSACS 2009, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2009, York, UK, March 22-29, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kilian T, Liesenfeld M. What is so Difficult about Self-Scanning? A Comparative Study of three Self-Service Technologies for Retailing. In: Schramm-Klein H, Foscht T, Morschett D, et al., eds. European Retail Research: 2013, Volume 27, Issue I. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014, pp.79–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Oral Science.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Magnetar Storm Reveals Evidence of Starquakes. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Satellite Communications: Strategic Approach Needed for DOD’s Procurement of Commercial Satellite Bandwidth. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Culumber JJ. Physician Practice Survival: The Role of Analytics in Shaping the Future. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. George RP. Interpretive Freedom. New York Times. December 23, 2012:BR22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Oral Science
Abbreviation	Int. J. Oral Sci.
ISSN (print)	1674-2818
ISSN (online)	2049-3169
Scope	General Dentistry