How to format your references using the International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (IJOM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burness GP. Ecology. Elephants, mice, and red herrings. Science 2002;296(5571):1245–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Della Valle M., Gilmozzi R. Rebirth of novae as distance indicators due to efficient, large telescopes. Science 2002;296(5571):1275.

A journal article with 3 authors

Madhu R., Veeramani V., Chen S-M. Heteroatom-enriched and renewable banana-stem-derived porous carbon for the electrochemical determination of nitrite in various water samples. Sci Rep 2014;4:4679.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Currie MJ., Mapel JK., Heidel TD., Goffri S., Baldo MA. High-efficiency organic solar concentrators for photovoltaics. Science 2008;321(5886):226–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Raj PP., Erdine S. Pain-Relieving Procedures. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.

An edited book

Iba H. Practical Applications of Evolutionary Computation to Financial Engineering: Robust Techniques for Forecasting, Trading and Hedging. vol. 11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Asano T., Kirkpatrick D., Nakagawa K., Watanabe O. $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{n})$ -Space and Polynomial-Time Algorithm for Planar Directed Graph Reachability. In: Csuhaj-Varjú E, Dietzfelbinger M, and Ésik Z, editors. Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science 2014: 39th International Symposium, MFCS 2014, Budapest, Hungary, August 25-29, 2014. Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 45–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

Blog post

Davis J. Newly Discovered Glass Frog Shows Off Its Beating Heart. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/newly-discovered-glass-frog-shows-off-its-beating-heart/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Technology Assessment: Neutron Detectors: Alternatives to Using Helium-3. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lam NN. The effect of racial disparities and adult supervision in Human Papillomavirus knowledge among female adolescents. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Cuts for the Already Retired. New York Times 2011:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Abbreviation	Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0901-5027
ISSN (online)	1399-0020
Scope	Otorhinolaryngology Surgery Oral Surgery