How to format your references using the International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia (IJOA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sethmann I. Materials science. Creating flexible calcite fibers with proteins. Science 2013;339(6125):1281–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Müller UK, Lentink D. Physiology. Turning on a dime. Science 2004;306(5703):1899–900.

A journal article with 3 authors

Meyers MA, McKittrick J, Chen P-Y. Structural biological materials: critical mechanics-materials connections. Science 2013;339(6121):773–9.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Croucher NJ, Harris SR, Fraser C, et al. Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions. Science 2011;331(6016):430–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Strome TL. Healthcare Analytics for Quality and Performance Improvement. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Cowin SC, Doty SB, editors. Tissue Mechanics. New York, NY: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Gschwind T, Koehler J, Wong J. Applying Patterns during Business Process Modeling. in: Dumas M, Reichert M, Shan M-C, editors. Business Process Management: 6th International Conference, BPM 2008, Milan, Italy, September 2-4, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. pp. 4–19.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia.

Blog post

Davis J. Extent Of Arctic AND Antarctic Sea Ice Reaches Lowest Ever Recorded. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/extent-of-arctic-and-antarctic-sea-ice-reaches-lowest-ever-recorded/ [accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Concerns About Competition in the Cellular Telephone Service Industry. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Glazer K. Imagining a constructionist game-based pedagogical model: Using tabletop role-playing game creation to enhance literature education in high school English classes. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Jacoby S. Sick and Tired of ‘God Bless America.’ New York Times 2016:SR3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia
Abbreviation	Int. J. Obstet. Anesth.
ISSN (print)	0959-289X
ISSN (online)	1532-3374
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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