How to format your references using the International Journal of Nursing Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Nursing Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Doney SC. The growing human footprint on coastal and open-ocean biogeochemistry. Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1512–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Straus SE, Chesney MA. Science and government. Enhanced: in defense of NCCAM. Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):303–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wagner DE, Wang IE, Reddien PW. Clonogenic neoblasts are pluripotent adult stem cells that underlie planarian regeneration. Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):811–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sironi L, Bouzin M, Inverso D, D’Alfonso L, Pozzi P, Cotelli F, et al. In vivo flow mapping in complex vessel networks by single image correlation. Sci Rep. 2014 Dec 5;4:7341.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abdel-aleem S. The Design and Management of Medical Device clinical Trials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Chow JH, Wu FF, Momoh J, editors. Applied Mathematics for Restructured Electric Power Systems: Optimization, Control, and Computational Intelligence. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005. XXXII, 324 p. (Power Electronics and Power Systems).

A chapter in an edited book

Lalonde TL. Modeling Time-Dependent Covariates in Longitudinal Data Analyses. In: Chen DG (din), Wilson J, editors. Innovative Statistical Methods for Public Health Data. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 57–79. (ICSA Book Series in Statistics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Nursing Practice.

Blog post

Andrew E. Outstanding Time-Lapse of a Stellar Explosion From Hubble [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/outstanding-time-lapse-stellar-explosion-hubble/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Survival of Higher Education in the Years Ahead. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974 Apr. Report No.: 094587.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nannapaneni D. Factors associated with HPV acceptability among parents [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kepner T. Cubs Seize Control as Bloop Cancels Out Blunder. New York Times. 2017 Oct 10;B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Nursing Practice
Abbreviation	Int. J. Nurs. Pract.
ISSN (print)	1322-7114
ISSN (online)	1440-172X
Scope	General Nursing