How to format your references using the International Journal of Nursing Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Nursing Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Legenstein R. Computer science: Nanoscale connections for brain-like circuits. Nature. 2015 May 7;521(7550):37–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Phrampus BJ, Hornbach MJ. Recent changes to the Gulf Stream causing widespread gas hydrate destabilization. Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):527–30.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deitsch KW, Calderwood MS, Wellems TE. Malaria. Cooperative silencing elements in var genes. Nature. 2001 Aug 30;412(6850):875–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Achterhold K, Bech M, Schleede S, Potdevin G, Ruth R, Loewen R, et al. Monochromatic computed tomography with a compact laser-driven X-ray source. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1313.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Audibert P. Mathematics for Informatics and Computer Science. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Mittelstaedt P. Laws of Nature. Weingartner PA, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. XII, 376 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Mamalis AG. Advanced Manufacturing of Advanced Materials. In: Lee J, Novikov N, Turkevich V, editors. Innovative Superhard Materials and Sustainable Coatings for Advanced Manufacturing: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Innovative Superhard Materials and Sustainable Coatings Kiev, Ukraine 12–15 May 2004. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005. p. 63–80. (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Nursing Practice.

Blog post

Taub B. Researchers Reverse Aging In Mice By Triggering Embryonic Genes [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/researchers-reverse-aging-mice-triggering-embryonic-genes/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Education Funding: Multiple Programs and Lack of Data Raise Efficiency and Effectiveness Concerns. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Nov. Report No.: T-HEHS-98-46.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bilbrey J. The Positive Effects Extrinsic Motivation Can Have on Intrinsic Motivation in a Math Classroom [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Here’s the Kicker: He Was Suddenly A Punter, Too. New York Times. 2010 Jan 10;SP3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Nursing Practice
Abbreviation	Int. J. Nurs. Pract.
ISSN (print)	1322-7114
ISSN (online)	1440-172X
Scope	General Nursing