How to format your references using the International Journal of Nursing Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Nursing Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hunter-Schaedle K. When science fails a scientist. Science. 2015 Sep 4;349(6252):1134.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bongaarts J, Sinding S. Population policy in transition in the developing world. Science. 2011 Jul 29;333(6042):574–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dickinson DJ, Nelson WJ, Weis WI. A polarized epithelium organized by beta- and alpha-catenin predates cadherin and metazoan origins. Science. 2011 Mar 11;331(6022):1336–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Guthöhrlein GR, Keller M, Hayasaka K, Lange W, Walther H. A single ion as a nanoscopic probe of an optical field. Nature. 2001 Nov 1;414(6859):49–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beaumont WRC. Electricity in fish research and management. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Hager C, Stefes CH, editors. Germany’s Energy Transition: A Comparative Perspective. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016. XXXV, 235 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Gaffney P. Living with Uncertainty. In: Dienstfrey AM, Boisvert RF, editors. Uncertainty Quantification in Scientific Computing: 10th IFIP WG 25 Working Conference, WoCoUQ 2011, Boulder, CO, USA, August 1-4, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 46–59. (IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Nursing Practice.

Blog post

Andrew E. Ancient Egyptian “Scandal” Discovered With X-Rays. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration Faces Immediate and Long-Term Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002 Jul. Report No.: GAO-02-971T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Amini B. Linear Matrix Inequality Method for Periodic Systems [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW, Corkery M. Puerto Rican Bank Left Debt, Not Development. New York Times. 2015 Nov 30;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Nursing Practice
Abbreviation	Int. J. Nurs. Pract.
ISSN (print)	1322-7114
ISSN (online)	1440-172X
Scope	General Nursing