How to format your references using the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Taylor J-S (2015) Biomolecules. The dark side of sunlight and melanoma. Science 347:824

A journal article with 2 authors

Rieder CL, Khodjakov A (2003) Mitosis through the microscope: advances in seeing inside live dividing cells. Science 300:91–96

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang F, Chen X, Vitousek P (2013) Chinese agriculture: An experiment for the world. Nature 497:33–35

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Huang CY, Kuchel H, Edwards J, et al (2013) A DNA-based method for studying root responses to drought in field-grown wheat genotypes. Sci Rep 3:3194

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vitale J (2007) The Seven Lost Secrets of Success. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Cheng Z, Wang M, Chen J (2014) Urban China in the New Era: Market Reforms, Current State, and the Road Forward. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Skorupa G (2014) Method of Constructing the Cognitive State for Context-Dependent Utterances in the Form of Conditionals. In: Nguyen NT (ed) Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XIV. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 100–119

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) How to turn water into wine in your own kitchen. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) ADP Acquisition: Air Force Logistics System Modernization Projects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Teo YM (2017) Acculturation Levels, Social Media Usage and Their Relationship with Dietary Patterns among Asian American Young Adults. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Robbins L (2015) Yemeni-Americans Sue Over Passport Woes. New York Times A19

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval
Abbreviation	Int. J. Multimed. Inf. Retr.
ISSN (print)	2192-6611
ISSN (online)	2192-662X
Scope	Information Systems Media Technology Library and Information Sciences