How to format your references using the International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Strano MS (2012) Chemistry. Functional DNA origami devices. Science 338:890–891

A journal article with 2 authors

Kai L, Kaldenhoff R (2014) A refined model of water and CO₂ membrane diffusion: effects and contribution of sterols and proteins. Sci Rep 4:6665

A journal article with 3 authors

Oliveira EA, Andrade JS Jr, Makse HA (2014) Large cities are less green. Sci Rep 4:4235

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Clark PU, Pisias NG, Stocker TF, Weaver AJ (2002) The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change. Nature 415:863–869

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bielecki TR, Brigo D, Patras F (2011) Credit Risk Frontiers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Papathanasiou J, Ploskas N, Linden I (2016) Real-World Decision Support Systems: Case Studies. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Crippin JB (2011) Explosives and Arson. In: Mozayani A, Noziglia C (eds) The Forensic Laboratory Handbook Procedures and Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 123–144

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Scientists Now Able to Track Individual Cells Throughout Embryonic Development. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-now-able-track-individual-cells-throughout-embryonic-development/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Army ADP Procurement: Contracting and Market Share Information. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pelayo AM (2008) A case study on the development of team -based leadership structure in the hospital industry. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartocollis A (2017) Celebrations Of Diversity ln Distinct Ceremonies. New York Times A11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval
Abbreviation	Int. J. Multimed. Inf. Retr.
ISSN (print)	2192-6611
ISSN (online)	2192-662X
Scope	Information Systems Media Technology Library and Information Sciences