How to format your references using the International Journal of Medical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Medical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vinge V. 2020 computing: the creativity machine. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):411.

A journal article with 2 authors

Meldrum FC, Sear RP. Materials science. Now you see them. Science. 2008 Dec 19;322(5909):1802–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Palm NW, Rosenstein RK, Medzhitov R. Allergic host defences. Nature. 2012 Apr 25;484(7395):465–72.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Li J, Van Vliet KJ, Zhu T, Yip S, Suresh S. Atomistic mechanisms governing elastic limit and incipient plasticity in crystals. Nature. 2002 Jul 18;418(6895):307–10.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Summerhayes SD. CDM Regulations 2015 Procedures Manual. Chichester, UK: John Wiley &;#38; Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

R. Sudhakaran P, editor. Perspectives in Cancer Prevention-Translational Cancer Research. New Delhi: Springer India; 2014. XII, 168 p. 51 illus., 22 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Gross M, Sumner RW, Thürey N. The Design and Development of Computer Games. In: Konsorski-Lang S, Hampe M, editors. The Design of Material, Organism, and Minds: Different Understandings of Design. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 39–51. (X.media.publishing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Medical Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Evidence of Recent Water on Mars. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/evidence-recent-water-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Job Access and Reverse Commute Program: Progress Made in Using Funds and Stakeholder Views on Proposed Program Changes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 May. Report No.: GAO-11-518.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Carter CA. The Panhellenic Project: Assessing learning engagement using Web 2.0 technologies [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M. The Game and the Shoe. New York Times. 2010 Aug 12;E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Medical Sciences
Abbreviation	Int. J. Med. Sci.
ISSN (online)	1449-1907
Scope	General Medicine