How to format your references using the International Journal of Mechanical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Graves JAM. In retrospect: Twenty-five years of the sex-determining gene. Nature 2015;528:343–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Yin H, Lin H. An epigenetic activation role of Piwi and a Piwi-associated piRNA in Drosophila melanogaster. Nature 2007;450:304–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Mora C, Rollo A, Tittensor DP. Comment on “Can we name Earth’s species before they go extinct?” Science 2013;341:237.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Xiao C, Xu X, Liu S, Wang T, Dong W, Yang T, et al. Experimental and theoretical differential cross sections for a four-atom reaction: HD + OH → H₂O + D. Science 2011;333:440–2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Liautaud M. Breaking Through. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Zhang D, Portmann M, Tan A-H, Indulska J, editors. Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing: 6th International Conference, UIC 2009, Brisbane, Australia, July 7-9, 2009. Proceedings. vol. 5585. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Altalag A, Road J, Wilcox P. Respiratory Muscle Function & Other Pulmonary Function Studies. In: Road J, Altalag A, editors. Pulmonary Function Tests in Clinical Practice, London: Springer; 2009, p. 81–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mechanical Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. Manuka Honey Makes Bacteria Less Resistant To Antibiotics. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/manuka-honey-makes-bacteria-less-resistant-to-antibiotics/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Higher Education: Factors Lenders Consider in Making Lending Decisions for Private Education Loans. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wheeler JA. The Scaling of High Harmonics with Mid-Infrared Driving Fields and a Method for the Spatial Isolation of Individual Subfemtosecond Pulses. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Davey M. Bankruptcy Lawyer Is Named to Rescue Detroit From Fiscal Disaster. New York Times 2013:A13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mech. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0020-7403
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics