How to format your references using the International Journal of Mechanical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hampsey M. Molecular biology. A new direction for gene loops. Science 2012;338:624–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Abraham RG, van Den Bergh S. The morphological evolution of galaxies. Science 2001;293:1273–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kusumbe AP, Ramasamy SK, Adams RH. Coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis by a specific vessel subtype in bone. Nature 2014;507:323–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Ko HY, Lee J, Joo JY, Lee YS, Heo H, Ko JJ, et al. A color-tunable molecular beacon to sense miRNA-9 expression during neurogenesis. Sci Rep 2014;4:4626.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Petrucelli JR, Peters JR. Preventing Fraud and Mismanagement in Government. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Choudhury B. Active Terahertz Metamaterial for Biomedical Applications. 1st ed. 2016. Singapore: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ellis JT, Sims RC, Miller CD. Monitoring Microbial Diversity of Bioreactors Using Metagenomic Approaches. In: Wang X, Chen J, Quinn P, editors. Reprogramming Microbial Metabolic Pathways, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012, p. 73–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mechanical Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Ireland Wants To Legalize Supervised Heroin Use. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/what-happens-when-drugs-are-decriminalized/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Highlights of a Forum: Data and Analytics Innovation: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Steffan AL. An examination of the correlation between ninth grade mathematics grades and student performance on the mathematics portion of the California high school exit examination. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sisario B, Alter A. Ever Reticent, Nobel Laureate Dylan Maintains Silence. New York Times 2016:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mech. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0020-7403
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics